International Journal of the Physical Sciences Vol. 5(6), pp. 696-699, June 2010
Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/IJPS
ISSN 1992 - 1950 © 2010 Academic Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Measurement of radon concentration inside houses in
Tafila Province, Jordan
O. Abu-Haija
1
*, B. Salameh
1
, A. W. Ajlouni
1
, M. Abdelsalam
1
and H. Al-Ebaisat
2
1
Applied Physics Department, Tafila Technical University, Tafila-Jordan.
2
Chemistry Department, Tafila Technical University, Tafila-Jordan.
Accepted 31 May, 2010
The scope of this paper is to present a brief study related to the investigations we have already made at
three districts of Tafila province, which is located in the south part of Jordan and where the most
important hot spa and phosphate mines are located. The main concern in these investigations is to
measure the indoor radon concentration levels by means of CR-39 detectors installed in randomly
selected houses during winter season. The exposure time started from December 2008 and lasted for
ninety days. After exposure, the detectors were etched in a KOH solution at 70°C for 8 h. The obtained
average values of indoor radon concentration in the three different districts were ranged from 20.45 to
32.41 Bq/m
3
. It was found out that the Ayma district possesses the highest radon concentration.
Meanwhile, the district of Aina Al-Badah possesses the lowest.
Key words: Indoor radon, CR-39, passive dosimeter, exposure time.
INTRODUCTION
Radon is a radioactive noble gas that is formed as natural
deposits of uranium throughout the earth's crust decay.
As radon decay products are inhaled, they can mutate
the cells in the lungs. These alterations can increase the
potential for getting lung cancer (ICRP, 1987). Moreover,
a radon gas is considered to be the second leading
cause of lung cancer behind smoking. It turned out that a
large part of natural dose to human population comes
from radon (
222
Rn) and its progeny (UNSCEAR, 2000).
This health risk comes from the fact that the radon gas
and its airborne daughters can seep up from the ground
and build up in enclosures like dwellings. As a result,
nationwide measurements of radon concentration levels
inside dwellings (indoor) have received numerous
interests from research professionals and are
continuously presented all over the world (NRC, 1999). It
is also of great importance to assess the exposure to
(
222
Rn) and its progeny in houses and areas of high
222
Rn
levels for the purposes of quality control, radioactivity
monitoring of building materials and for correction
measures recommendations. Therefore we believe that it
*Corresponding author. E-mail: oabuhaija@ttu.edu.jo. Tel: +962
7 99027889. Fax: +962 3 2250002.
is crucially important to perform a measurement on the
indoor radon concentration levels in a large number of
randomly selected houses in different locations of Tafila
province in Jordan since the indoor radon levels depend
on many factors like the geological nature of the site
under study, the nature of the soil, the meteorological
conditions, the social habits of the dwellers and the
porosity as well as the density of the wall material. Most
of the dwellings in the study area and its surrounding are
without any compliance to regulatory standards and are
typical for one family having four to five rooms. The
dwellings surveyed were of different types, but were
mainly made of stones with cement. Xerochreptic soil
constitutes more than 73% of this region with high stone
content in the soil. The prevalent kinds of stone in the
study area are limestone, sandstone, crushed and Marl.
Moreover, a higher ventilation rate was exercised during
the daytime inside the dwellings surveyed since doors
and windows were open most of the day, in turn this can
circulate the air in the dwellings and introduce a fresh air.
It is interesting to mention that many authors studied
the indoor radon concentration levels in Jordan. Among
them Al-Kofahi et al. (1992) have obtained radon
concentration levels in the city of Irbid. Abumurad et al.
(1997) have been made a comprehensive study of radon
levels in Jordanian dwellings in all Jordan cities during an