A RTICLE
Language and Literature Copyright © 2003 SAGE Publications
(London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi), Vol 12(2): 153–174
[0963–9470 (200305) 12:2; 153–174; 032297]
Collaborative oral narratives of general experience:
when an interview becomes a conversation
Marina Lambrou, University of East London, UK
Abstract
This article explores the shift in speech genre from a peer group interview speech event
to an activity type with interactive features resembling a casual conversation and the
consequent effects on the narrator, interviewees and process of story-telling. It reports
on sociolinguistic interviews in which collection of oral narratives of personal
experience among members of the Greek Cypriot community in London becomes
collaborative and facilitates the co-production of spoken personal narratives (hence the
‘general experience’ of the title). The highly social act of narrating sees the emergence
of explicit and implicit collaborative strategies, specifically the use of prompts and
requests for clarification, which appear to be an inevitable outcome of narrating in a
setting where the audience is wider than just the interviewer.
Keywords: activity type; collaborative story-telling; interview; oral narratives; prompt;
request for clarification; speech event
1 Introduction
There is no doubt that Labov and Waletzky’s (1967) (henceforth L&W) and
Labov’s (1972) groundbreaking methods for collecting spoken natural narratives
remain as valid and applicable today as when they first undertook their research
(see Bamberg, 1997). The same can also be said for the functional description of
these spoken narratives, which is widely viewed as providing a universal narrative
framework. One area of L&W’s data that received little attention within the wider
context of group discourse, however, was an examination of the
interviewer–interviewee dynamic and whether changes in this dynamic affected
the production of narratives in peer groups. The issue is raised here in the light of
analysis of personal spoken narratives from members of the London-based Greek
Cypriot community (LGC).
Close examination of personal narratives from the LGC community shows
evidence of distinct linguistic patterns across peer group interviews that appear to
be the result of changes in the group dynamic. Specifically, peer group members
adopt what I call collaborative story-telling strategies, categorized according to
the function they fulfil within the interview, despite the constraints of the
conventional interview setting. Moreover, the emergence of collaborative story-
telling in peer groups causes a significant genre shift in the interview speech event
to an ‘activity type’ (Levinson, 1979) where conversational narratives emerge as
the main type of discourse. Such findings will provide a greater understanding of
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