Optic-energy performance of innovative and traditional materials for
roof covering in commercial buildings in central Italy
PISELLO Anna Laura
1, a
1
CIRIAF – University of Perugia. Via Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy
a
pisello@crbnet.it
Keywords: Cool roof; energy efficiency in buildings; building envelope material; thermal-energy
dynamic simulation; urban paving; urban heat island.
Abstract. Innovative and traditional solutions for roof coating and urban paving are under
development in order to study their effect both as passive cooling strategies for buildings and as
effective tools for urban heat island mitigation. This paper deals with the optic-energy in-lab and
numerical analysis of three materials used for roof covering and urban paving in Italy. Bitumen
covering, cool painting and natural gravel covering are taken into account. Solar reflectance
measurements shows that gravel optimize this property by more than 20% with respect to the
bitumen covering of classic streets paving. The three materials are also evaluated in terms of roof
covering in commercial buildings with flat roofs. Dynamic simulation results demonstrated that
innovative cool membranes are able to optimize building year-round energy efficiency by 19.3%.
Nevertheless, natural gravel covering produce important energy saving (15.6%) with respect to
bitumen roof membrane configuration.
Introduction
The effect of the built environment on urban climate represents an acknowledged phenomenon
producing important local climate conditions such as Urban Heat Islands [1-2]. In this view, the
study of new, low impact and effective solution to reduce energy requirement for cooling in
buildings represent a key research issue [3]. To this aim, the development of cool materials for
building roofs has represented an essential purpose of several research contributions all over the
world [4-5]. These works mainly focused on the implementation of innovative high performance
materials for urban paving and roof coatings [6], which thermal-energy characteristics were
evaluated through experimental monitoring and numerical methods with varying several boundary
conditions. In particular, interesting studies concerned the application of cool coatings on buildings’
roof, in hot climatological conditions [7]. Synnefa et al. in [7] developed a calibrated and validated
numerical model of a school building in Athens where they implemented cool roof solution, which
performance were also studied through thermography analysis. The same studies were often
characterized by in-lab preliminary assessment of the investigated materials, where solar reflectance
and thermal emittance were measured by spectrophotometer and portable emissometer. These two
parameters, in fact, maily determine the “cooling” potential of roof coating and urban paving. The
overall performance is described by the Solar Reflection Index [8]. Recently, further studies
focused on the possibility to earn good energy and environment results from the application of cool
materials in buildings even in those climate regions where the cooling requirement is not prevalent
with respect to heating requirement. Kolokotroni et al. in [9] studied the possibility to apply cool
roofs in London area, though coupled experimental and numerical methods. Additionally,
Mastrapostoli et al. in [8] evaluated the thermal-energy effect of innovative cool coatings for
application in cold climate of Northern Europe. They examined new materials through in-lab
measures of reflectance, emissivity and durability. Therefore, they evaluated the effect of
application of these new materials in an industrial building located in Germany, where the internal
gains prevailed outdoor cold climate boundary conditions. Given the huge potential of these
materials, recent research efforts focused on the possibility to reduce their visual impact, in order to
develop new materials and solutions with good cooling capability but non-impactive visual
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 884-885 (2014) pp 685-688
Online available since 2014/Jan/16 at www.scientific.net
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.884-885.685
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