Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology (2016), 89, 92–110
© 2015 The British Psychological Society
www.wileyonlinelibrary.com
The relationships of work–family conflict and core
self-evaluations with informal learning in a
managerial context
Michael J. Tews
1
*, Raymond A. Noe
2
, Andrew J. Scheurer
2
and
John W. Michel
3
1
School of Hospitality Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania, USA
2
Department of Management and Human Resources, Fisher College of Business, The
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
3
Sellinger School of Business & Management, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore,
Maryland, USA
Existing research on informal learning has been largely descriptive, anecdotal, and
relatively limited regarding its antecedents. This study represents a step forward towards
addressing this gap in the training and development literature by examining the
relationships of work–family conflict and core self-evaluations with informal learning
among managers. The sample included 225 managers companywide from a casual-theme
restaurant chain in the United States. The results demonstrated that time-based work
interference with family conflict (WIF) had a negative relationship with informal learning,
but core self-evaluations had a positive relationship. Further, core self-evaluations
moderated the WIF–informal learning relationship. Counter to the hypothesized
relationship, managers higher in core self-evaluations engaged in less informal learning as
work–family conflict increased. This study broadens the nomological network of informal
learning and highlights that organizations need to limit time demands at work that cause
work–family conflict to facilitate managers’ informal learning.
Practitioner points
Limit work–family conflict so managers have the time to invest in informal learning in addition to their
family and own recovery.
Provide managers with skills in time management and goal setting and provide support necessary to
encourage informal learning.
Promoting informal learning among employees is an issue important to researchers and
HR professionals alike (Bear et al., 2008; Tannenbaum, Beard, McNall, & Salas, 2010).
Watkins and Marsick (1990) characterize informal learning as learning that typically
occurs outside of the classroom, is not highly structured, and is primarily controlled by the
learner. Some examples of informal learning include employees reflecting on how to
*Correspondence should be addressed to Michael J. Tews, School of Hospitality Management, Pennsylvania State University, 121
Mateer Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA (email: mjt17@psu.edu).
DOI:10.1111/joop.12109
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