International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences (IJRSB)
Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2015, PP 29-36
ISSN 2349-0357 (Print) & ISSN 2349-0365 (Online)
www.arcjournals.org
©ARC Page | 29
Proteotoxicity Studies in Liver, Muscle, Kidney and Gills of
Oreochromismossambicus and Labeorohita Exposed to Plant
Nutrient (Librel
TM
)
Shalaka Sadekarpawar
1
, Parth Pandya
2
, Pragna Parikh
1
*
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science,
The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
1
sadekarpawarshalaka@gmail.com,
2
Pkpandya.13@gmail.com,
1
*php59@yahoo.co.in
Abstract: Fish are one of the major sources of protein for human beings and the nutritional value of fish
depends on their biochemical composition like protein, amino acids, vitamins, mineral contents, etc. The present
study was done with the view to study protein composition by means of electrophoretic patterns of proteins
fractions in tissues of O.mossambicus and L.rohita. The clinical value of the protein analysis by electrophoresis
depends upon whether a given change represents an adaptation to stress conditions or a failure in the
supportive physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the animals. In the present study there was a time
dependent significant increase in the total protein content of both the fishes. This appraisal of the quantitative
estimation of protein content in tissues of Librel exposed fishes indicates that apparently both species induced
time dependent mild to drastic alterations as compared with the controls to face the stress cause by the
exposure.
Keywords: Librel, proteomics, Toxicity, Fish.
1. INTRODUCTION
Proteins occupy a unique position in the metabolism of cell because of the proteinaceous nature of all
the enzymes which mediate at various metabolic pathways [1]. Therefore, the assessment of proteins
can be considered as a diagnostic tool to determine the physiological process of cell [2].Proteomic
analyses provide valuable information, when variations that occur within the proteome of organisms
are compared as a consequence of biological perturbations or external stimuli. These stimuli often
result in different protein expressions or the redistribution of specific proteins within cells [3]. We
preferred to use O.mossambicusand L.rohita as the test model, mainly because these have been
favored by many earlier workers as test models for both cytogenetic and molecular studies; moreover
they make an appropriate model as an indicator species in biomonitoring programs [5].This study was
the first to use protein profiling in a nonmodel organism (rainbow trout) to demonstrate, for the first
time in teleosts, that proteomics have the potential to assist in studying cellular mechanisms involved
in protein degradation. [6] Reported significant differences in fish caught from polluted and non
polluted sites. An added bonus in these studies is the fact that it is not absolutely necessary to
establish the identity of a protein for it to become a successful biomarker of exposure. Indeed, the
characteristics of a peptide and the specific conditions under which it occurs are the more pressing
concerns [7]. Moreover, the preliminary data from this study was one of the first to suggest that
proteomic approaches may be useful in an environmental contamination context for studying fish, and
may have potential application to serve as a high-throughput screening approach for disease
classification. Such changes might reflect an altered antibody synthesis, protein biosynthesis, cellular
leakage or perhaps other events resulting directly or indirectly from the stress. However, reports on
variations of qualitative tissue proteins are lacking, especially with reference to Librel exposure which
is micronutrient mixture containing metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B).The genotoxicity of many
agrochemicals is still under debate as there are reports which are either positive or negative; plant
nutrient is one of them, for which such studies are the rare.
Exposure of Librel has led to hematological, biochemical and has resulted into serious impairment of
gonads and liver tissues [8]. Further the metal accumulation is also reported in various tissues of both
the teleost fish, leading to alteration in the metabolic activities, and biochemical indices of stress. So,