Danish Centre for Bioethics and Risk Assessment This is a post-print version of an article published in Environmental Values by White Horse Press For more articles on animal ethics, see www.animalethics.net De-Domestication: Ethics at the Intersection of Landscape Restoration and Animal Welfare 1 C. Gamborg *1 , B. Gremmen 2 , S. B. Christiansen 1 & P. Sandøe 1 1 University of Copenhagen, Danish Centre for Bioethics and Risk Assessment 2 Wageningen University, Centre for Methodical Ethics and Technology, Assessment (META) *Corresponding author Abstract De-domestication is the deliberate establishment of a population of domesticated animals or plants in the wild. In time, the population should be able to reproduce, becoming self-sustainable and incorporating ‘wild’ animals. Often de-domestication is part of a larger nature restoration scheme, aimed at creating landscapes anew, or re-creating former habitats. De-domestication is taken up in this paper because it both engages and raises questions about the major norms governing animals and nature. The debate here concerns whether animals undergoing de-domestication should be looked upon as wild or non-wild and the affect this has on questions about how they should be treated. It also concerns the value of nature, and the kind and degree of nature management considered appropriate. The paper first describes actual de-domestication practices and considers the character of human duties to animals in process of de-domestication. Secondly, the paper explores the implications of de- domestication for nature management, focusing on notions of naturalness and wildness. Finally, 1 The reference of the printed version is: Gamborg, C; Gremmen, B; Christiansen, SB.; Sandoe, P (2010): De-Domestication: Ethics at the Intersection of Landscape Restoration and Animal Welfare. Environmental Values 19(1): 57-78. The definitive version is available at http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/whp/ev/2010/00000019/00000001/art00005