CSIRO PUBLISHING © CSIRO 2003 10 November 2003 10.1071/SB03014 1030-1887/03/050595 www.publish.csiro.au/journals/asb Australian Systematic Botany 16, 595–619 A revision of Lissanthe (Styphelioideae: Ericaceae) Darren M. Crayn A,C , Elizabeth A. Brown A and Jocelyn M. Powell A,B A National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. B Current address: PO Box 158, Berowra Heights, NSW 2082, Australia. C Corresponding author; email: darren.crayn@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au Abstract. A revision of the styphelioid genus Lissanthe recognises seven species and two subspecies: L. brevistyla A.R.Bean, L. sapida R.Br., L. strigosa (Sm.) R.Br. subsp. strigosa, L. strigosa subsp. subulata (R.Br.) J.M.Powell. New combinations are made for two species transferred from Leucopogon: Lissanthe rubicunda (F.Muell.) J.M.Powell, D.M.Crayn & E.A.Br. and Lissanthe pluriloculata (F.Muell.) J.M.Powell, D.M.Crayn & E.A.Br. Two new species from Western Australia, Lissanthe powelliae D.M.Crayn & E.A.Br. and L. scabra D.M.Crayn & E.A.Br. are described, and Lissanthe sapida is lectotypified. Keys, illustrations and distribution maps are provided for all taxa. Lissanthe as defined here is a strongly supported clade based on analyses of sequence data from two chloroplast loci, the atpB–rbcL intergenic spacer and the matK gene. Potential morphological synapomorphies for Lissanthe include flowers pedicellate above the bracteoles, styles hairy at least at the base, and leaves with an abaxial surface that is grooved longitudinally. SB03014 RevisionofLissant he D.M.Crayn etal . Introduction Lissanthe, erected by Robert Brown in (1810), originally comprised six species within three sections. Most modern authors, however, have recognised only two species, namely Li. sapida R.Br. and Li. strigosa (Sm.) R.Br., from the first section. A third species, Li. brevistyla A.R.Bean, has been described recently (Bean 2001) from ultramafic soils near Marlborough, Queensland. Lissanthe sensu Brown (1810) has the following characteristics: erect shrubs, the leaves sparse, with parallel veins below; flowers small, white, the sepals bibracteate or ebracteate, the corolla funnel-shaped, the lobes beardless; ovary five-locular; hypogenous disk cup-shaped, five-lobed; drupe berry-like with solid bony endocarp. Brown's first section is characterised by having few-flowered axillary racemes with two bracts at the base of the pedicel; the corolla tube is villous inside. Included are Li. sapida, Li. subulata and Li. strigosa (the last based on Styphelia strigosa Sm.). His second section, comprising Li. montana R.Br., has few-flowered axillary spikes with two bracteoles subtending the sepals; the corolla is urceolate, the tube and throat bare. The third section comprises Li. daphnoides (Sm.) R.Br. (based on Styphelia daphnoides Sm.) and Li. ciliata R.Br. and is characterised by having solitary axillary flowers and the sepals bibracteate; the corolla is funnel-shaped and the throat has deflexed hairs included. Bentham (1869) retained the two species Li. sapida R.Br. and Li. strigosa (Sm.) R.Br. within Brown's Section I but submerged Li. subulata R.Br. in Li. strigosa on the basis of specimens showing overlapping size ranges. He also retained Li. montana R.Br. (Section II) but removed Section III of Brown's Lissanthe to Brachyloma Sond. on the basis of the inflorescence structure and the more or less imbricate corolla lobes being more typical of Brachyloma. Bentham (1869) also noted that Leucopogon rubicundus F.Muell. Herb. (not of Fragm. 6: 99), Le. pleiospermus (F.Muell.) Benth. and Le. pluriloculatus F.Muell. ‘…with their pedicellate flowers, come very near to the first two species of Lissanthe [Li. sapida and Li. strigosa], but with bearded corolla-lobes and drier fruits.’ Ferdinand Mueller (1867) applied very broad generic concepts in Epacridaceae (now Styphelioideae: Ericaceae), sinking the majority of the fleshy-fruited genera, including Lissanthe R.Br., into Styphelia Sm. Furthermore, he combined Li. montana R.Br. with Le. hookeri Sond. under the name Styphelia montana. He later recognised Brachyloma (Mueller 1882, 1889) as including Brown's section III species (as did Bentham), continuing to include the first two sections of Lissanthe in Styphelia. Drude (1889)