ORIGINAL PAPER Patterns of HIV Disclosure and Condom Use Among HIV-Infected Young Racial/Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex with Men Lisa B. Hightow-Weidman • Gregory Phillips II • Angulique Y. Outlaw • Amy R. Wohl • Sheldon Fields • Julia Hildalgo • Sara LeGrand Published online: 9 October 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012 Abstract Recent findings highlight the continued rise in cases of HIV infection among racial/ethnic minority young men who have sex with men (YMSM). In adults, disclosure of HIV status has been associated with decreased sexual risk behaviors but this has not been explored among YMSM. In this study of 362 HIV-infected racial/ethnic minority YMSM, rates of disclosure were high, with almost all disclosing their status to at least one person at baseline. The majority had disclosed to a family member, with higher disclosure rates to female relatives compared with males. After adjustment for site, disclosure to sex partners and boyfriends was associated with an increase in condom use during both oral and anal sex. Future studies should consider skills training to assist youth in the disclosure process, facilitate how to determine who in their family and friend social network can be safely disclosed to and support family-based interventions. Resumen Los resultados recientes destacan el continuo aumento de los casos de infeccio ´n por VIH entre los hombres de las minorı ´as raciales/e ´tnicas jo ´venes que tienen sexo con hombres (YMSM). En los adultos, la revelacio ´n del estado de VIH se ha asociado con una disminucio ´n de las conductas sexuales de riesgo, pero esto no ha sido explorado entre YMSM. En este estudio de 362 infectados por el VIH YMSM minorı ´a racial/e ´tnico, las tasas de revelacio ´n fueron altas, con casi toda revelacio ´n de su estado al menos una persona en la lı ´nea base. La mayorı ´a habı ´a revelado a un miembro de la familia, con tasas ma ´s altas de divulgacio ´n a familiares muj- eres en comparacio ´n con los varones. Despue ´s del ajuste para el sitio, la revelacio ´n a las parejas sexuales y los novios se asocio ´ con un aumento en el uso del condo ´n durante el sexo oral y anal. Los estudios futuros en cuenta la formacio ´n profesional para ayudar a los jo ´venes en el proceso de divulgacio ´n, facilitar la forma de determinar quie ´n en su fa- milia y la red social puede ser amigo de forma segura y com- partida con las intervenciones de apoyo basadas en la familia. Keywords MSM Á HIV disclosure Á Racial/ethnic minority Á Condom use Introduction The rates of HIV infection among racial/ethnic minority young men who have sex with men (YMSM) suggest that without heightened primary prevention efforts aimed at reducing risk among minority MSM, the epidemic will continue to rage uncontrollably in this population [1, 2]. Novel approaches to stemming the epidemic among MSM, L. B. Hightow-Weidman (&) Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7030, USA e-mail: lisa_hightow@med.unc.edu G. Phillips II Á J. Hildalgo School of Public Health and Health Services, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA A. Y. Outlaw Horizons Project, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA A. R. Wohl Department of Public Health, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA S. Fields Florida International University, Miami, FLA, USA S. LeGrand Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 123 AIDS Behav (2013) 17:360–368 DOI 10.1007/s10461-012-0331-x