Evaluation of Lithographic Benefits of using ILT Techniques for
22nm-node
Yi Zou*, Yunfei Deng, Jongwook Kye, Luigi Capodieci and Cyrus Tabery
Globalfoundries, 1050 E. Arques Ave. Sunnyvale, CA. 94085
Thuc Dam, Anthony Aadamov, Ki-Ho Baik, Linyong Pang, and Bob Gleason
Luminescent Technologies, 2471 East Bayshore Suite 600, Palo Alto, CA 94303
*Contact: yi.zou@globalfoundries.com Tel: (408) 749-3455
ABSTRACT
As increasing complexity of design and scaling continue to push lithographic imaging to its k1 limit, lithographers
have been developing computational lithography solutions to extend 193nm immersion lithography to the 22nm
technology node. In our paper, we investigate the beneficial source or mask solutions with respect to pattern fidelity
and process variation (PV) band performances for 1D through pitch patterns, SRAM and Random Logic Standard
Cells. The performances of two different computational lithography solutions, idealized un-constrained ILT mask
and manhattanized mask rule constrain (MRC) compliant mask, are compared. Additionally performance benefits
for process-window aware hybrid assist feature (AF) are gauged against traditional rule-based AF. The results of
this study will demonstrate the lithographic performance contribution that can be obtained from these mask
optimization techniques in addition to what source optimization can achieve.
Keywords: assist feature (AF), computational lithography, Inverse Lithography Technologies (ILT), mask
optimization (MO), source optimization (SO), Source Mask Optimization (SMO)
1. Introduction
Source Optimization (SO) and Mask Optimization (MO) have been heavily investigated in lithography over the past
decade. Especially, optimization of source and mask together (SMO) has become a key enabling technology for
22nm technology node to extend the life cycle of ArF single exposure lithography [1-2]. The improvement of
patterning for SRAM and random logic clips has been demonstrated via advanced source fabrication technology and
fully programmable illumination control at high pupil resolution.
While SMO has become essential enabling technology for lithography processes at 22nm and below, the problem of
how to implement SMO in pre-production and production flow (such as feasibility of using source and mask co-
optimization for 22nm full-chip) is still open. Although we know the answer to “when more and more patterns are
included in the optimization, will the optimal source always converge to the same solution?” is “No” [3]. Is that
practically possible to throw a full logic chip into any SMO software?
The current commonly implemented flow to use commercial SMO tool is to perform co-optimization for a limited
number of patterns (mainly critical SRAM, tightest pitch, etc.) Critical measurement topologies, such as line-ends,
edges and etc, need to be tagged and assigned to different weights according to their importance. The objective of
printing those patterns can be defined in many different forms but process variations information (i.e. focus
variation, dose variation, and mask error) must be included. Construction of PV-band is a technique to express
process parameter variations such as dose, focus, and mask bias. PV-band width is sufficient as a quantitative
Optical Microlithography XXIII, edited by Mircea V. Dusa, Will Conley, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7640,
76400L · © 2010 SPIE · CCC code: 0277-786X/10/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.848479
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7640 76400L-1
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