ARTICLE 10.1177/1049732302250129 QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH / March 2003 Laverack, Brown / FIJIAN EXPERIENCES
Qualitative Research in a
Cross-Cultural Context:
Fijian Experiences
Glenn R. Laverack
Kevin M. Brown
In this article, the authors discuss the experiences of conducting qualitative research in tra-
ditional Fijian communities. This provided the setting for the cross-cultural exchange
between the researcher and research participants and from which the authors draw impor-
tant considerations for the design of future qualitative studies. In particular, the authors dis-
cuss the need to adapt essentially Western research designs to accommodate different cross-
cultural styles of facilitation, group dynamics, spatial arrangements, gender issues, proto-
col, patterns of participation, and perception of time. They propose a model that clarifies the
types of roles and styles of facilitation observed in a Fijian workshop setting and comment on
how different cross-cultural dynamics between the researcher and participants can influence
the success of qualitative research.
Keywords: AUTHOR: PLEASE PROVIDE KEYWORDS
W
hen considerations for the design of a research study have to take into
account issues regarding cross-cultural settings, unfamiliarity can make it
more difficult for an outside evaluator to reflect the reality of the situation, and
important information might be lost (Cuthbert, 1985). The most significant difficul-
ties faced by external cross-cultural researchers have been their inability to speak
the local language or to understand beliefs and values, communication and styles of
interaction, social relationships, attitudes toward time, infrastructure, and political
sensitivities (Merryfield, 1985). It is recognized that knowledge of the local lan-
guage, although important, is not essential and that building a rapport with poten-
tial informants is more a function of time spent on site and of interpersonal skills
than it is of cultural identity and linguistics (Ginsberg, 1988). Cross-cultural
researchers have suggested several ways in which studies could be improved by
taking the culture into account. These suggestions fall into two categories: the use of
appropriate technologies and the engagement of suitable personnel.
Appropriate technologies for cross-cultural research that have been identified
as a more naturalistic approach include case studies and interviews, which use the
1
AUTHORS’ NOTE: The author would like to thank the Fiji Trilateral Health Promotion Project spon-
sored by AusAID, Dr. Damien Ridge, and Dr. Michael Gray.
QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH, Vol. 13 No. 2, March 2003 1-10
DOI: 10.1177/1049732302250129
© 2003 Sage Publications