Continental Shelf Research, Vol. 9, No. 5, pp. 479-496, 1989. 0278-4343/89 $3.00 + 0.00
Printed in Great Britain. © 1989 Pergamon Press pie.
Trapping and dispersion of coral eggs around Bowden Reef, Great
Barrier Reef, following mass coral spawning
ERIC WOLANSKI,* DEREK BURRAGE* and BRIAN KING*
(Received 9 May 1988; in revised form 14 December 1988; accepted 8 February 1989)
Abstract--Bowden Reef is a 5 km long kidney-shaped coral reef with a lagoon, located on the
mid-shelf of the central region of the Great Barrier Reef. Field studies were carried out, in
November 1986, at the time of mass coral spawning, of the water circulation around Bowden
Reef and in the surrounding inter-reefal waters. The near-reef water circulation was strongly
three-dimensional although the stratification was weak. In calm weather, coral eggs were
aggregated in slicks along topographically controlled fronts. In the absence of a longshore
current, water and coral eggswere trapped in the lagoon and in a boundary layer around Bowden
Reef, by tidally driven recirculating motions. In the presence of a longshore current, some
trapping occurred in the lagoon, but the bulk of the coral eggs was advected away from Bowden
Reef and reached downstream reefs in a few days. This implies a likelihoodof both self-seedingof
reefs, and connectivitybetween reefs.
1. INTRODUCTION
THE question of the connectivity between coral reefs is unresolved, since little is known
about the water circulation in a topographically complex environment such as the matrix
of reefs forming the central region of the Great Barrier Reef (Fig. 1; see review by
HAMNER and WOLANSKI, 1988). Yet management decisions for the Great Barrier Reef
Marine Park necessitate some knowledge of the processes controlling reef-to-reef
connectivity or, alternatively, the degree of self-seeding of reefs.
A two-week long experiment entitled CORSPEX (Coral Spawning Experiment), was
undertaken jointly with the Department of Marine Biology at James Cook University, in
November 1986 during a mass coral spawning event. The aim of CORSPEX was to
improve our understanding of the biological and physical processes controlling the fate of
coral eggs and subsequently coral planulae for several days following mass spawning of
the corals. The study of the oceanography of mass spawning seemed promising because
the time of mass spawning could be predicted accurately (WILLIS et al., 1985), and
because the coral eggs are released in such large quantities that, once they are aggregated
in slicks, these slicks are readily visible (OLIVER and WILLIS, 1987), thereby providing
oceanographers with a natural tracer. Results of the physical oceanography component
of CORSPEX are presented here.
2. METHODS
No bathymetric charts of the CORSPEX study reef, Bowden Reef, were available (see
a location map in Fig. 1). A bathymetric chart was drawn from six echo-sounder
* Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville, M.C., 4810 Queensland, Australia.
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