Peritoneal Dialysis International, Vol. 30, pp. 611–618 doi:10.3747/pdi.2009.00161 0896-8608/10 $3.00 + .00 Copyright © 2010 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 611 EFFECTS OF SOY CONSUMPTION ON SERUM LIPIDS AND APOPROTEINS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL Hadi Tabibi, 1 Hossein Imani, 2 Mehdi Hedayati, 3 Shahnaz Atabak, 4 and Leila Rahmani 5 Department of Human Nutrition, 1 Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, 2 National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Prevention & Treatment of Obesity Research Center, 3 Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences & Health Services; Department of Nephrology, 4 Shahid Modares Hospital, 5 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Tehran, Iran Correspondence to: H. Tabibi, Department of Human Nu- trition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, 46 West Arghavan St., Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, P.O. Box 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran. hadtabibi@yahoo.com Received 7 August 2009; accepted 4 December 2009. ♦ Background: Lipid abnormalities, particularly high serum concentration of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], are one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of soy consumption on serum lipids and apoproteins, especially Lp(a), in PD patients. ♦ Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in which 40 PD patients (20 males, 20 females) were randomly assigned to either the soy or the control group. Patients in the soy group received 28 g/day textured soy flour (con- taining 14 g of soy protein) for 8 weeks, whereas patients in the control group received their usual diet, without any soy. At baseline and the end of week 8 of the study, 5 mL of blood was collected from each patient after a 12- to 14-hour fast and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C), apoprotein B100 (apo B100), apopro- tein AI (apo AI), and Lp(a) were measured. ♦ Results: In the present study, serum Lp(a) concentra- tions were above the normal range in 86% of the PD pa- tients. Mean serum Lp(a) concentration was reduced significantly, by 41%, in the soy group at the end of week 8 compared to baseline (p < 0.01); the reduction was also sig- nificant compared to the control group (p < 0.05). During the study, mean serum Lp(a) concentration did not change significantly in the control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean changes in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, apo B100, or apoAI. ♦ Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that soy con- sumption reduces serum Lp(a) concentration, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:611–618 www.PDIConnect.com epub ahead of print: 8 Apr 2010 doi:10.3747/pdi.2009.00161 KEY WORDS: Serum lipids; apoproteins; lipopro- tein(a); soy. T he most important cause of mortality in patients with chronic renal failure, including dialysis patients, is cardiovascular disease (CVD). The frequency of CVD in di- alysis patients has been reported as high as 3 – 45 times that observed in the general populations and approxi- mately 50% of deaths in these patients are related to CVD (1,2). In peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, one of the major risk factors for CVD is lipid abnormalities, in- cluding low serum concentrations of high density lipo- protein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and apoprotein (apo AI), and high serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), apoprotein B100 (apo B100), and particularly lipopro- tein(a) [Lp(a)] (3–10). Serum Lp(a) concentration higher than 30 mg/dL, a prevalent lipid abnormality in PD patients, is an important risk factor for CVD (3,5, 9–15). At the present time, blood lipid normalizing drugs such as statins, nicotinic acid, fibric acid derivatives, etc. are used to treat lipid abnormalities and prevent CVD in PD patients; however, no effective treatment to reduce Lp(a) in these patients is known so far (3). Some studies, conducted mainly in nonuremic pa- tients, indicate that soy consumption reduces serum con- centrations of total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, and apo B100 and raises serum HDL-C concentration, particu- larly in hyperlipidemic patients (16–26). In addition, lim- ited studies have been conducted to assess the effect of This single copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. For permission to reprint multiple copies or to order presentation-ready copies for distribution, contact Multimed Inc. at marketing@multi-med.com by guest on June 27, 2016 http://www.pdiconnect.com/ Downloaded from