Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of adenosine. Our aims were to compare the levels of ADA between infants with and without respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and to determine the relationship between plasma ADA levels and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Materials and methods One hundred and twenty five premature infants who were admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit were included in the study. Eighty one of these infants with RDS were study group and the other 44 infants without RDS served as controls. Blood collection was made in the first day of life at the end of the 24th hour and was used for laboratory testing. Results In the respiratory distress syndrome group mean ADA level was 25.5 (±4.5) U/L, and in controls it was 26.3 (±5.7) U/L. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.326) in these groups although there was a statistically difference of ADA levels between BPD (34.5 ±5.2 U/L) and non-BPD (24.6 ±4.1) patients (p = 0.001). There was also a positive relationship between ADA levels and severity of BPD (r = +0.845, p = 0.01). Conclusions Perinatal inflammation is the key mechanism of BPD. ADA level in early postnatal life is elevated in infants with BPD and may be related with perinatal inflammation. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.09.159 PP-106. Total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome Evrim Alyamac Dizdar, Nurdan Uras, Suna Oguz, Omer Erdeve, Fatma Nur Sari, Cumhur Aydemir, Ugur Dilmen Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Turkey Aim Oxidative damage is likely to be important in the pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The aim of the study was to evaluate the global oxidant/antioxidant status in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) via measurement of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS), and the association between these parameters and clinical features of the patients. Materials and methods Sixty nine infants with the diagnosis of RDS were included. Blood samples for determining TAC and TOS were taken before and 48 h after surfactant treatment. Patients were followed up until discharge or death. Results Infants ≤28 weeks of gestational age had lower levels of baseline TAC than those > 28 weeks of gestational age (p = 0.048) whereas TOS levels were similar. Post-surfactant TAC levels were significantly higher than pre-surfactant TAC levels (p = 0.029) and post-surfactant TOS levels were slightly lower. TAC/TOS ratio significantly increased after surfactant treatment. Baseline TAC levels were significantly and inversely correlated with duration of total respiratory support and dopamine use. Infants who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) had lower baseline TAC and TOS levels than those who did not. After surfactant administration, a significant increase in TAC and a non-significant increase in TOS levels were observed in infants who developed BPD while TAC and TOS levels remained stable in those who did not develop BPD. Conclusions Oxidant stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms seem to be activated in preterm infants with RDS, and the ones with the highest global activation of this system are more prone to develop future BPD. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.09.160 PP-107. Comparison of beractant and poractant rescue treatment in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Evrim Alyamac Dizdar, Fatma Nur Sari, Suna Oguz, Omer Erdeve, Nurdan Uras, Cumhur Aydemir, Ugur Dilmen Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Turkey Aim We aimed to evaluate the differences in the efficacy of two natural surfactants, i.e. beractant and poractant, by comparing the clinical response rates and the outcomes in patients with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Materials and methods We performed a prospective randomized trial to evaluate the data of 126 premature infants with RDS who received either 100 mg/kg beractant (n=65) or 200 mg/kg poractant (n=61) as rescue therapy between July 2008 and June 2009. Patients were followed up until discharge or death. Patient characteristics including gestational age, gender, birth weight, the presence of perinatal asphyxia, Apgar scores and maternal risk factors were collected for all infants. The fraction of inspired oxygen after surfactant treatment, the duration of respiratory support and total duration of hospitalization were evaluated along with NICU-related morbidities and compared between the two groups. Results More patients in beractant group required ≥1 dose of surfactant compared with poractant group (31% vs. 12%, respectively, p=0.023). The rate of extubation within the first 3 days after surfactant administration was higher in the poractant group than in the beractant group (81% vs. 55.9%, p = 0.004). Post-treatment FiO2 requirement in poractant treated group was significantly lower than in beractant treated group on days 1, 3, and 5 but similar on days 7,14 and 28. Overall mortality and other follow up parameters including BPD rates, duration of intubation, CPAP, O2 supplementation and total respiratory support, hospitalization period, or development of complications such as pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage, ROP, sepsis, NEC and IVH were similar between the two groups. Conclusions Poractant treatment was associated with earlier extubation, lower FiO2 requirement and less need for additional doses compared to Abstracts S60