Area (2007) 39.3, 278–286
Area Vol. 39 No. 3, pp. 278– 286, 2007
ISSN 0004-0894 © The Author.
Journal compilation © Royal Geographical Society (with The Institute of British Geographers) 2007
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
(Re)constructing women: scaled portrayals of
privilege and gender norms on campus
Jen Gieseking
Environmental Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
Email: jgieseking@gmail.com
Revised manuscript received 27 February 2007
How are privilege and/or particular gender norms for women spatially (re)produced over
time and how are they challenged and changed? In interviews and mental mapping
exercises with 32 students and graduates of an elite US women’s college from graduating
classes spanning 1937 to 2006, women’s class and gender norms and expectations are
found to have been produced, reproduced and reworked in their everyday experiences
during college. Participants portray these norms through the scales of the body,
institution and extra-institution in regards to the particular social and physical space of
the campus. Participants’ experiences, as depicted in these scales, indicate that class
norms remained stable over generational cohorts, but gender norms shifted drastically
because the privilege found within and granted by the elite women’s college campus
allowed for and prompted such changes. Transformations of women’s gender norms also
correspond with changes in the larger social sphere with a particular split in how
participants could enact their privilege to alter their gender norms before and after the
late 1960s.
Key words: United States, scale, mental mapping narratives, campus, class, gender,
women’s colleges
[Having a college friend get me a job on Capitol Hill]
influenced . . . the rest of my professional development
and it came from knowing this one woman, [pause]
which many men probably tell stories of the old
school tie. But I don’t know how often it happens with
women. (Ginnie ’61)
1
[What socioeconomic class do you use to identify
yourself?] Am I automatically upper-middle class if I
went to Mount Holyoke? (Tina ’00)
Introduction
How are privilege and/or particular gender norms
for women spatially (re)produced over time and
how are they challenged and changed? Building
from the work of feminist and critical geographers,
particularly Geraldine Pratt (1998), Sallie Marston
(2000) and Aansi Paasi (2004), this research seeks
to answer these questions by examining the scaled
(re)production of and challenges to expectations of
class and gender norms on an elite college campus
over seven generational cohorts.
2
Interviews were
conducted with 32 alumnae who graduated from
Mount Holyoke College, a highly selective women’s
college in the United States, in the years spanning
1937 to 2006.
3
During the interviews participants
answered a series of questions about their gender
and sexual identity development in relation to their
college experiences as they drew and labelled
mental maps of the campus to accompany their
narratives. Portrayals of the campus in interviews
and maps indicated that gender and class norms are
(re)produced and reworked through the women’s
independent yet consistent portrayals of the specific
scales of the body, institution and extra-institution
in relation to the physical and social campus. The
scale of the body depicts how participants were
embodied within the campus and used their bodies