IJSRSET1623246 | Received : 25 June 2016 | Accepted : 30 June 2016 | May-June 2016 [(2)3: 947-950]
© 2016 IJSRSET | Volume 2 | Issue 3 | Print ISSN : 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099
Themed Section: Engineering and Technology
947
Study of Power Quality Improvement Using UPQC
Anupama Kulkarni, R. S. Desai
Electrical Department, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India
ABSTRACT
This paper describes role of UPQC as applied to a 3P4W system to improve PQ. The Forth wire of 3P4W system is
developed by means of neutral of series transformer. Neutral current which flows through neutral terminal of
transformer is removed with the help of 4 leg voltage source inverter (VSI) topology for shunt part. The series
transformer neutral will have 0 potential in all conditions of operation. Simulation is carried out by considering the
major PQ issues like voltage, current, harmonic by connecting load which is nonlinear in nature to 3P4W scheme
with UPQC. A novel control strategy of unit vector template is implemented here for designing series APF. By
extending the principle of single phase PQ theory, series APF can be used for balancing the unbalanced voltage
present at the load side. The PQ theory as applied to the 3 phase balanced system can even be independently used
for unbalanced system.
Keywords: UPQC, VSI, APF, PCC, FACTS, PQ, PF.
I. INTRODUCTION
Current harmonic causing PQ problem in distribution
system are generated at the time of their switching. The
devices build on power electronics are being employed
to improve PQ. A 3P4W system of distribution could be
formed by facilitating a neutral wire in conjunction to 3
power lines from generation location. Unbalance load
circuits is a usual problem in 3P4W distribution system
that should be taken into account. The PQ can be
improving by employing series and shunt APF in the
system. These are 2 classes of filter are Passive and
Active filters. Passive filters are comprising of L and C
component which provide simplicity as well as economy
to system; but they have tendency to suffer from
resonance problem and get filter for every frequency and
bulky. On other hand active filters comprise of IGBTs,
MOSFET, and devices of storage of energy like L and C.
The privilege of active filter is that they filter a specific
frequency range do not resonate with the system and
provide fast response. But their cost is high. The serials
APF basically draw out the harmonics in voltage by
providing path of large impedance path to harmonic
circuits. Non - linear loads highly produce distorted
current resulting into third harmonic component.
Power Quality Problems
Both the electric utilities & end users of electric power
are becoming aware of quality of power that they are
getting from the grid. The definitions of the PQ may be
different for various types of customers. For example an
electrical utility may define PQ as reliability on other
hand a manufacturer of load equipment can define PQ as
characteristics of power supply that enables equipment
work properly. The PQ problem is defined as “Any
power-problem which results in voltage, current or
frequency deviation which ultimately causes failure or
mal-operation of the equipment of service users”.
Following are the major problems related to power
quality.
Voltage Sag
A voltage sag or dip is termed as a reduction to a low
voltage (between 0.1 & 0.9 per unit RMS) at power
frequency which may last from 0.5 cycles to 1 minute.
Voltage Swell
It is defined as increase in a voltage to a level (between
1.1 & 1.8 per unit RMS) at power frequency lasting
from 0.5 cycles to 1minute.