Differential Effects of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation on Dimensions of Generalized Prejudice in Brazil CLARA CANTAL 1 * , TACIANO L. MILFONT 1 , MARC S. WILSON 1 and VALDINEY V. GOUVEIA 2 1 Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand 2 Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil Abstract: Previous research within a dual-process cognitive-motivational theory of ideology and prejudice has indi- cated that dimensions of generalized prejudice are structured around attitudes towards dangerous, derogated, and dissident groups, and that these prejudice dimensions are differentially predicted by the ideological attitudes of Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO). However, to date, these findings have been restricted to New Zealand samples. We describe two studies examining whether the structure of prejudiced attitudes and the differential prediction by RWA and SDO replicate in the Brazilian context, incorporating context- relevant examples of each group—politicians, those from the northeast region of Brazil, and environmentalists. Results broadly supported the three-factor structure of dangerous, derogated, and dissident groups. Consistent with previous research, regression and structural equation analyses showed that RWA explained prejudice against dan- gerous groups, SDO explained prejudice against derogated groups, and both RWA and SDO explained prejudice against dissident groups. This research provides some evidence for the generalizability of the three-dimensional structure of generalized prejudice and differential prediction by RWA and SDO in the Brazilian context. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key words: generalized prejudice; Right-Wing Authoritarianism; Social Dominance Orientation; Dual-Process Mo- tivational model INTRODUCTION The extant literature has shown that individuals’ prejudices or negativity towards one outgroup tends to generalize across outgroups so that someone who is prejudiced against one particular outgroup will also tend to be prejudiced against other outgroups (e.g. Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson, & Sanford, 1950; Allport, 1954; Bierly, 1985). The historical roots of this finding that prejudices are generalized across outgroups can be traced back to the seminal work of Adorno and colleagues (1950), who used the term ethnocentrism popularized by Sumner (1906; see Bizumic, 2014) to define this disposition for individuals to generalize their prejudices. However, this definition is theoretically distinct from the original meaning of ethnocentrism as the tendency to view one’s own ingroup as the centre of everything and to devalue outgroups because of an overvaluation of the ingroup (Sumner, 1906). For this reason, Allport (1954) used the term generalized attitude to refer to the disposition to hold many prejudices. This generalized prejudice idea suggests that individuals’ negative attitudes towards distinct outgroups will all tend to be positively correlated and factor together as a single preju- dice dimension. Empirical support for a single overall prejudice dimension underlying negativity to various social groups has been demonstrated (e.g. Bierly, 1985; Bratt, 2005; McFarland, 2010; Zick et al., 2008). It is also possible that negativity towards distinct social groups could form unique clusters based on similar and distinct characteristics of the outgroups. According to this idea, negativity towards different sets of social groups would form distinct and mean- ingful dimensions of generalized prejudice at the first-order level and would all correlate positively to load together on the single higher order generalized prejudice factor. Recent research provides some evidence showing that first-order di- mensions of generalized prejudice group together to form a higher order generalized prejudice factor (Duckitt & Sibley, 2007; Zick et al., 2008). Importantly, this hierarchical perspective of generalized prejudice suggests that particular social groups perceived to have similar characteristics should cluster along the same first-order dimension and share the same psychological foun- dations, while groups perceived to be relatively distinct should cluster in a separate first-order dimension and be pre- dicted by different combinations of variables. Indeed, re- search following the Dual-Process Motivational model (DPM; Duckitt, 2001) has shown that prejudiced attitudes tend to cluster around three distinct social groups and that Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA; Altemeyer, 1981, 1998) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO; Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, & Mallé, 1994) differentially predict prejudice towards these groups (Duckitt, 2006). These *Correspondence to: Clara Cantal, School of Psychology, Victoria Univer- sity of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. E-mail: Clara.Cantal@vuw.ac.nz European Journal of Personality, Eur. J. Pers. (2014) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/per.1978 Received 19 March 2014 Revised 22 September 2014, Accepted 24 September 2014 Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Journal Code Article ID Dispatch: 07.10.14 CE: P E R 1 9 7 8 No. of Pages: 11 ME: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128