 2003 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Copeia, 2003(4), pp. 789–793 New Microhylid Frog (Plethodontohyla) with a Supraocular Crest from Madagascar MIGUEL VENCES AND FRANK GLAW We describe a new microhylid frog from the rain forests of central eastern Mad- agascar. Plethodontohyla coronata reaches 21–23 mm snout–vent length and is similar to Plethodontohyla serratopalpebrosa by having a supraocular crest of three dermal spines. It differs by having a smaller body size, shorter hind limbs, relative finger and toe length, and smaller relative tympanum size. Its first toe is very short, rem- iniscent of the state in miniaturized species of Stumpffia, but the presence of vo- merine and maxillary teeth clearly confirm the assignation of P. coronata to Pletho- dontohyla. The advertisement call of this fossorial frog is a series of notes with complex frequency modulation. T HE microhylid frogs of Madagascar are con- sidered to belong to three subfamilies: the Dyscophinae, Scaphiophryninae, and Cophyli- nae (Blommers-Schlo ¨sser and Blanc, 1991). Al- though the Dyscophinae are considered to con- tain also the Asian genus Calluella, the other two subfamilies are endemic to Madagascar. Accord- ing to preliminary molecular and morphologi- cal data (Blommers-Schlo ¨sser and Blanc, 1993; Vences et al., 2002), the Cophylinae appears to be a well-defined monophyletic group with sev- en genera distributed in two main clades: one containing the genera Cophyla, Platypelis, Pletho- dontohyla, and Rhombophryne, the second one containing Anodonthyla, Madecassophryne, and Stumpffia. This subfamily is characterized by spe- cialized reproductive modes, and all genera have nonfeeding tadpoles. In Cophyla, Platypelis, Anodonthyla, and arboreal Plethodontohyla, the larvae develop in water-filled tree-holes, where- as fossorial Plethodontohyla have terrestrial nests of liquefied jelly, and Stumpffia have terrestrial foam nests (Guibe ´, 1952; Blommers-Schlo ¨sser, 1975; Glaw and Vences, 1994). This diversity in reproductive modes is also accompanied by a high species diversity. The Cophylinae is the largest microhylid subfamily in Madagascar and currently contains 37 species (Glaw and Vences, 1994; Vallan, 2000a; Vences et al., 2003). However, many additional species have already been identified (e.g., Glaw and Vences, 1994) but not yet formally named. In this paper, we describe one distinct species of Plethodontohyla and provide data on its advertise- ment calls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Frogs were collected during the night with the aid of headlamps or torches or during the day by localizing calling males. They were eu- thanised using chlorobutanol, fixed in 90% eth- anol, and preserved in 70% ethanol. Specimens are deposited in the De ´partement de Biologie Animale, Universite ´ d’Antananarivo (UADBA), Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum A. Koenig, Bonn (ZFMK); and Zoologische Staatssammlung, Mu ¨nchen (ZSM). Measurements were taken with a caliper to the nearest 0.1 mm: SVL (snout–vent length), HW (maximum head width), HL (head length, from the maxillary commissure to the snout tip), ED (horizontal eye diameter), END (eye–nostril dis- tance), NSD (nostril–snout tip distance), NND (internarial distance), TD (horizontal tympanum diameter), HAL (hand length, from the carpal- metacarpal articulations to the tip of the longest finger), FORL (forelimb length, from the axilla to the tip of the longest finger), HIL (hind-limb length, from the cloaca to the tip of the longest toe), FOL (foot length, from the tarsal-metatarsal articulations to the tip of the longest toe), FOTL (foot length including tarsus, from the tibiotarsal articulation to the tip of the longest toe), TIBL (tibia length), IMCL (maximum length of inner metacarpal tubercle). Advertisement calls were recorded with a Tensai tape recorder with exter- nal microphone and analyzed using a MEDAV sound analyzing system and the software Spektro 3.2. Temporal measurements are given as range with mean  standard deviation and number of measured units in parentheses. Plethodontohyla coronata sp. nov. Figures 1–2 Holotype.—ZFMK 57459, adult male, collected by F. Glaw, N. Rabibisoa, and O. Ramilison on 19 February 1994 at Ankeniheny, Fivondron- ona (district) of Moramanga, Faritany (prov- ince) of Toamasina, central eastern Madagas- car (19°10'S/48°02'E, 900 m above sea level).