[Deepu*et al., 5(7): July, 2016] ISSN: 2277-9655
IC™ Value: 3.00 Impact Factor: 4.116
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[549]
IJESRT
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH
TECHNOLOGY
DESIGN ANALYSIS FOR A ROTAMETER USING CFD
Deepu C N
*
, Yogesh Kumar K J ,Dr V Seshadri
*
M.Tech Student, Thermal Power Engineering, Maharaja Institute of Technology, Mysore
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maharaja Institute of Technology, Mysore
Professor (Emeritus), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maharaja Institute of Technology, Mysore
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.57043
ABSTRACT
Rotameter is a variable area type of flow meter used to measure the flow rate of liquids and gases .In the present
study design and analysis of Rotameter performance is done using ANSYS FLUENT 14 software. Validation of
CFD methodology is done by using flow through pipe in a turbulent flow. K-ω-SST model was found to be best
suited for this class of flows. In the design of Rotameter assuming CD as 2.4 and maximum flow rate of 100 lpm,
preliminary design of a Rotameter has been done for the flow of water. After simulation using CFD flow rate
obtained from CFD is not same as that from the preliminary designed values .Hence it is concluded that coefficient
of drag is also dependent on diameter ratio. Improved design methodology of Rotameter is presented by considering
effect d/D on coefficient of drag, by using a correlation derived on the basis of CFD computations.
The effect of upstream disturbance (like valves) at various locations on the performance of Rotameter is analyzed
using validated CFD methodology. It is concluded that has as long as the locations of disturbance is more than 5Din
upstream of the inlet , the error in the measurement will be less than 2% . The validated CFD methodology is used
to analyse the effect of density and viscosity of fluid on the accuracy of metering by a Rotameter .A need for the
development of correlation for viscosity correction factors are highlighted. The analysis also demonstrated that a
Rotameter designed and calibrated for water flow can be used for measurement of air flow at different pressures as
long as correction factor are applied. The maximum error of in such cases will be order of 5%. The study has
demonstrated that a validated CFD methodology can be used to accurately predict the performance of Rotameter
even under non -standard conditions
KEYWORDS:Rotameter, Coefficient of Drag, Drag Force.flow rate.
INTRODUCTION
Flow meter is a device which measures the flow rate of any liquid in a closed or open conduit. Flow metering is the
one of the features in most of the industrial process. A wide variety of flow meters are used for different
applications. Some of these devices meters are Obstruction type flow meters like orifice meter, venturi meter and
flow nozzles etc.as well as special meters like turbine flow meter, ultrasonic flow meter and electro-magnetic flow
meter etc. Specific design like Coroilis meter, Doppler velocity meter etc.Rotameter is one kind of flow meter which
is a variable area type of flow meter .It consists of vertically placed glass tapered tube and metallic float free to
move up and down within the tube .The metering tube placed vertically along with fluid stream with a larger
diameter at the top, fluid enters at the bottom of the tube and passes over the float and leaves at the top.
The maximum diameter of float is approximately same as the inlet diameter of the tube, when fluid enters at the
bottom of tube float start rises in the tube. When there is no flow in the tube float is settled at the bottom of metering
tube, fluid enters at the bottom of the tube the buoyant effect will act on the float but float density higher than the
fluid, position of float still in the bottom of tube. Increasing the flow rate of fluid until buoyant effect of fluid greater
than weight of float and then float starts to rise in the tube, it can be move up to top end of tapered tube. When
buoyant force and drag force of the fluid on the float is same as that of weight of float, then the float is in dynamic