1 Reducing multiplicative bias of satellite soil moisture retrievals 1 2 Kurt C. Kornelsen 1 & Paulin Coulibaly 1, 2 3 4 1 School of Geography and Earth Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 5 L8S 4L8 6 2 Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L8 7 Corresponding Author: Kurt C. Kornelsen, email- kornelkc@mcmaster.ca, phone- 1-905-525- 8 9140 ext 27875. 9 10 11 Submitted to: 12 Remote Sensing of Environment 13 October 2014 14 15 Revision 1 16 February 2015 17 18 Revision 2 19 April 2015 20 21 Published 22 August 2015 23 24 Cite: Kornelsen, K.C. and Coulibaly, P. (2015) Reducing multiplicative bias of satellite soil 25 moisture retrievals, Remote Sensing of Environment, 165(1), 109-122, 26 doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.04.031. 27 28 Keywords: SMOS, Cumulative distribution function, renormalization, validation, bias correction 29 30 31 32