CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Literature is a medium of writing which share authors’s expression about their feeeling, thoughts, ideologies, and experience that happen from time to time. Rees defines literature is “a permanent expression in words of thoughts or feelings in ideas about life and the world” (1973: 2). Literature has three genres; prose, drama and poetry. Novel is a literary imaginative work whose content has been invented in author’s imagination. Gioia and Kennedy define novel is “an extended work of fictional prose narrative. It usually implies a book-length narrative has more characters, more varied scenes, and broader coverage of time than a short story” (2007: 16). In this thesis, the researcher analyzes one kind of novel which takes a theme of detective, or widely known as detective novel. Detective novel is a genre of fiction in which a detective, either an amateur or a professional, solves a crime or a series of crimes. The detective might be a private investigator, a police officer, or any other people having a keen sense of investigations. Their characteristics are familiar to reader because their role in the story and the way to solve the case by applying hyphotheses method and other skills. According to Alexander, “detective story is a narrative in which a character solves a crime, usually, but not always murder, by examining multiple clues and considering a 1