ELSEVIER
27 October 1995
Chemical Physics Letters 245 (1995) 143-149
CHEMICAL
PHYSICS
LETTERS
Ab initio study of protonated nitrosamide: a possible intermediate
in the deNOx process
Sudhir A. Kulkarni, Savita S. Pundlik
Department of Chemistry, University~Pune, Pune 411007, India
Received 21 June 1995;in final form l0 August 1995
Abstract
Ab initio calculations on protonated nitrosamide, a possible intermediate in the deNOx process, have been performed. A
mechanism involving the formation of an intermediate NH3NO + was proposed by Egsgaard, Carlsen and Madsen and tested
by performing flame experiments with mass spectrometry. In the present work, the absence of NH3NO + in the flame has
been supported on the basis of its structure. This cation is observed to be a loosely bound adduct of NH 3 and NO + at and
beyond the HF level of theory. On the other hand, NH2NOH + is found to be a covalently bonded compound at all
theoretical levels. Topographical analysis of electron density and electrostatic potential has been utilized to gain insight into
bonding properties and to predict the possible sites of protonation. The vibrational spectra of both protonated nitrosamide
cations are reported. The feasibility of proton transfer reactions of NH3NO + with ammonia and water are investigated using
heats of reactions. These values indicate that such a reaction is possible with NH 3 but unfavorable with H20.
I. Introduction
The reaction between NH 2 and NO radicals has
received considerable attention [1-10] since it pro-
vides a means of eliminating NO, a major atmo-
spheric pollutant,
NH 2 + NO --, [NHzNO ] --* N 2 + ....
The products of this deNOx process have been
identified to be N 2 and H20 [1-3] and it has been
proposed [4,5] that NHzNO is a crucial intermediate.
Nitrosamide was earlier believed to have a planar
structure [6,7]. However, it is shown [8] that the two
hydrogens in NHzNO are out of plane by about 10°.
Various pathways for the above reaction have been
studied and the kinetic data [4] suggests that ni-
trosamide actually exists in a vibrationally excited
state. It was proposed that energetically excited
NH2NO would either isomerize to hydroxydiimide
or go back to reactants, rather than getting deexcited
[7]. This particular intermediate isomer, however,
has not been identified in the thermal deNOx pro-
cess. Also, the lifetime for [NH2NO*] has been
reported to be quite small in the microsecond regime
near the ground state [9] and even smaller for the
excited state [4]. In view of these lhcts, a search for
other alternative mechanisms is warranted.
An ionic mechanism has been suggested by Egs-
gaard et al. [10] involving the formation of N-proto-
nated nitrosamide NH3NO ÷. The experiments were
performed on a methane/ammonia flame with nitric
oxide as a reagent gas [10]. The mass spectra of
various regions of the experimental chamber were
found to have mainly NH~- and NO ÷. However, the
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