Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 2016, 4, 228-240
Published Online May 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jmmce
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2016.43021
How to cite this paper: Usman, M.A., Momohjimoh, I. and Gimba, A.S.B. (2016) Effect of Groundnut Shell Powder on the
Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polyethylene and Its Biodegradability. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characteriza-
tion and Engineering, 4, 228-240. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2016.43021
Effect of Groundnut Shell Powder on the
Mechanical Properties of Recycled
Polyethylene and Its Biodegradability
Mohammed Awwalu Usman
1*
, Ibrahim Momohjimoh
2
, Abdulahi S. B. Gimba
3
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
2
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
3
Skilia Resources Ltd., Abuja, Nigeria
Received 2 March 2016; accepted 27 May 2016; published 30 May 2016
Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract
Natural fiber reinforced composites have gained considerable attention particularly in the manu-
facturing industry owing to their light weight, corrosion resistance, abundance, and biodegrada-
bility. In this work, alkaline treated and untreated groundnut shell powder (GSP) was used to rein-
force recycled polyethylene to produce GSP-recycled polyethylene composites with improved me-
chanical properties and biodegradability. GSP with particle sizes of 0 - 300 µm and 300 - 600 µm
was used in different proportions: 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% wt. The fiber was im-
mersed for 5 hours in a 10 wt% NaOH solution. Tensile and hardness test data showed an im-
provement in mechanical properties of the treated fiber composites. Results of water absorption
test also showed that treated GSP-recycled polyethylene composites had a lower rate of water ab-
sorption than the untreated GSP-recycled polyethylene composites. Through Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy, disappearance of characteristics peaks of hemicellulose and lignin was ob-
served. Growth of fungi on the fiber-reinforced composites was observed, which was evidence that
GSP-recycled polyethylene composite was biodegradable. Finally, SEM micrographs showed uni-
form distribution of treated fibers in the polymer matrix; this explained the observed improvement
in the mechanical properties of treated GSP-recycled polyethylene composites.
Keywords
Groundnut Shell Powder, Fibers, Recycled Polyethylene, Composites, Mechanical Properties,
Biodegradability
*
Corresponding author.