Research Article Open Access
Open Access Research Article
Hypertension:
Open Access ISSN: 2167-1095
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Deveci, et al., J Hypertens 2015, 4:1
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2167-1095.1000195
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000195
J Hypertens
ISSN: 2167-1095 JHOA an open access journal
A Novel BioTarget in Treatment of Heart Failure: Changes in Serum
Galectin-3 Levels after Spironolactone Therapy
Onur Sinan Deveci
1
*, Aziz İnan Çelik
1
, Müslüm Fırat İkikardeş
1
, Çağlar Emre Çağlıyan
1
, Çağlar Özmen
1
, Ali Deniz
1
, Rabia Eker Akıllı
1
, Filiz
Kibar
2
, Salih Çetiner
3
, Mesut Demir
1
, Mehmet Kanadaşı
1
and Mustafa Demirtaş
1
1
Department of Cardiology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcalı Hospital, Adana, Turkey
2
Department of Biochemistry, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcalı Hospital, Adana, Turkey
3
Department of Microbiology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcalı Hospital, Adana, Turkey
Keywords: Galectin 3; Myocardial and vascular ibrosis; Let
ventricular ejection; MRAs
Introductıon
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity
in the western World [1]. Searching for therapeutics to cure HF has led
studies to invastigate the mechanisms particularly on neurohumoral
activation [2]. During HF, increased levels of catecholamines resulting
from activation of sympathetic nervous system lead to chronic
stimulation of aldosterone levels causing adverse remodelling of the
heart [3]. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone hat has been
shown to play a pathophysiologic role in cardiovascular remodelling
through cardiac hypertrophy, ibrosis and inlmmation [4,5].
Galectin 3 (Gal-3) is a multifunctional protein that participate in
various biological events such as angiogenesis and inlammation and
an important member of the family of beta-galactoside-binding animal
lectins mostly produced by macrophages. he current studies indicate
Gal-3 as a novel prognostic marker for cardiac ibrosis associated with
high risk for heart failure and mortality. hus, elevated levels of Gal-3
are associated with cardiac ibrosis [6]. It has been demonstrated that
GAL-3 expression is stimulated by aldosterone and stimulated GAL-3
plays a critical role in vascular remodelling and inlammation [7]. Use
of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) has provided 35%
reductions in hospital admissions due to worsening heart failure by
decreasing myocardial and vascular ibrosis [8]. Adding spironolactone
to treatment in the patients who use angiotensin converting enzyme
inhibitor provided a reduction in morbidity and mortality rates [9,10].
Data substantiating the hypothesis that decreased levels of GAL-3
ater MRAs theraphy may result beneicial outcomes remain unclear.
To address this question, it has been aimed to investigate the GAL-3
*Corresponding author: Onur Sinan Deveci, Çukurova University Faculty of
Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Balcalı Hospital, Adana, Turkey, Tel: 505 764
7967; E-mail: onurdeveci@yahoo.co.uk
Received December 17, 2014; Accepted December 27, 2014; Published January
05, 2015
Citation: Deveci OS, Çelik Aİ, İkikardeş MF, Çağlıyan CE, Özmen C (2015) A Novel
BioTarget in Treatment of Heart Failure:Changes in Serum Galectin-3 Levels after
Spironolactone Therapy. J Hypertens 4: 195. doi:10.4172/2167-1095.1000195
Copyright: © 2015 Deveci OS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited.
levels and clinical responses ater addition of spironolactone as a MRA
to the current treatment in patients with heart failure with low ejection
fraction who received no aldosterone antagonist therapy previously.
Methods
Study population
he study was carried out in the hospital of Çukurova University
Faculty of Medicine between April 2013 and March 2014. Our study
included 112 patients with heart failure who showed let ventricular
ejection fraction (EF) of 35% or below, New York Heart Association
(NYHA) Class II-IV symptoms and did not receive MRAs in their
current treatment. he patients with creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 60
ml/minute or below (according to Cockrot), advanced stages of liver
failure (ALT and AST levels 3-fold higher than upper limit of normal
interval), NYHA Class I symptoms, an ejection fraction above 35%
and autoimmune and/or collagen tissue disorder were excluded from
the study. he study aimed to evaluate serum Gal-3 levels ater the use
of spironolactone. herefore, serum Gal-3 levels, serum BNP level,
6-minute walk test and class level of NYHA were examined before
Abstract
Objectıve: It has been aimed to investigate the Galectin-3 (GAL-3) levels and clinical responses after addition of
spironolactone as a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) to the current treatment in patients with heart failure
with low ejection fraction who received no aldosterone antagonist therapy previously.
Patıents and methods: The study included 112 patients with Heart Failure (HF) who showed left ventricular
Ejection Fraction (EF) of 35% or below, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II-IV symptoms and did not receive
MRAs in their current treatment. Serum Gal-3 levels, serum BNP level, 6-minute walk test and class level of NYHA were
examined before and 6 months after treatment of spironolactone in all patients.
Results: Mortality developed in 10 of 112 patients. Baseline and 6th month follow-up data obtained from 102 of 112
patients. Mean LVEF (%), BNP levels, Gal-3 levels, NYHA class of functional capacity and mean 6-minute walking test
distance of the patients before treatment of spironolactone were 31.3 ± 3.2%, 451,4 ± 50.3 pg/ml, 39 ± 21 ng/ml, 2,8
± 0.59 and 305 ± 61 m respectively whereas, the same variables were found 32.1 ± 2,8% (p=0.21), 443.6 ± 49 pg/ml
(p=0.23), 33 ± 22 ng/ml (p=<0.001), 2,5 ± 0.47 (p=0.037) and 386 ± 87 m (p=<0.001) respectively at 6th follow-up after
treatment of spironolactone.
Conclusıon: Spironolactone use is associated with regression of Gal-3 along with clinical improvement in HF
symptoms. This may suggest that Gal-3 apart from being a biomarker of HF may also be a bio-target in HF management.