International Journal of Conceptions on Electronics and Communication Engineering Vol. 3, Issue. 1, April’ 2015; ISSN: 2357 - 2809 52 | 80 Radiation Pattern Determination of a Broad Side Array K Sathyavathi Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering Malla Reddy Institute of Engineering and Technology Hyderabad, India satyanarayana.ah@gmail.com R. Kiran Chand Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Adama Science & Technology University Adama, Ethiopia b4uchandu2011@gmail.com Abstract— Antenna arrays are becoming increasingly important in wireless communications. Advantages of using antenna arrays are providing the capability of beam steering (radiation direction change) as in smart antennas, providing a high gain (array gain) by using simple antenna elements, providing a diversity gain in multipath signal reception and they enable array signal processing, which can be done by array antennas. These are mainly classified in to two type’s Broad side and End fire. In many applications we have the maximum radiation of an array directed normal to the axis of the array, which is known as Broad side Array. In this paper we will discuss the radiation analysis of Broad side array. Keywords- Array, Broad Side, End Fire, Pattern Multiplication, Array Factor (AF) I. INTRODUCTION The maximum radiation of a short dipole is along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the dipole, but when polar angle decreases the radiation also decreases. This type of radiation characteristics may be used for broadcast services. In point to point communication the most of the energy is desired to be radiated in one particular direction which means that to have greater directivity in a desired direction [3]. This can be accomplished by making group of antennas excited simultaneously which is not possible by a single dipole antenna. Such a group of antennas is called an antenna array. Generally antenna array is the radiating system in which several identical or non- identical and/or either similarly oriented or differently oriented antennas are placed properly so as to get field strength at a far distance from the radiating system by combining radiations at point from all the antennas in the system [2]. It is difficult for a single antenna like motor connected parabolic dish to scan a radiation pattern or beam because the entire antenna system has to rotate to change the direction of the beam which leads to a considerable amount of aerodynamic drag when the antenna is airborne. Even when the antenna is on the ground plane and directs its beam in a direction to catch the target, the target will be in different direction due to its velocity being high and it will always be out of sight. It is possible to scan the beam from the array antenna electronically and it can be with either phase control or frequency control [1]. Array antennas are extremely useful in both airborne as well as ground based applications. Since there is no movement of the antenna there will be no aerodynamic drag with antenna array. Moreover, arrays provide a greater number of parameters and offer better flexibility for the designer [2]. Using antenna array gain and directivity can be increased and beam width can be reduced [3]. Broad side array, end fire array, collinear array and parasitic array are some of the practically used forms of antenna array. Circular Array is one of the most widely used antenna array designs. Its applications include radio direction finding, air and space navigation, underground propagation, radar, sonar, and many other applications [1]. A broadside uniform circular array radiates (receives) not only in the broadside direction, but, in the other directions as well. Such an array has a significant power loss due to along resting plane scanning property. The power radiation or reception pattern of a circular array is dependent on the linear distance between two consecutive elements, the radius, and the number of elements. Broadside arrays are used for a wide range of radio waves. At decameter (short) wavelengths, they are used chiefly for radio broadcasting over long distances [4].It has great potential for applications in wireless communications. BORO array is a new class of broadside antenna arrays with passive elements [5]. In this paper we discuss the design analysis of broad side array. II. BROAD SIDE ARRAY Broad side array is a stacked collinear antenna consisting of half-wave dipoles spaced from one another by one half (λ/2) wavelengths which