ISME2014, 22-24 April, 2014 The 22 st Annual International Conference on Mechanical Engineering-ISME2014 22-24 April, 2014, Mech. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran. ISME2014-XXXX Temperature distribution for various nanoparticles flow rates through hyperthermia therapy Mehrdad Javidi 1 , Morteza Heydari 2 , Mohammad Haghpanahi 3 and Mahdi Navidbaksh 3 1 M.S. Student, Biomechanics Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, mjavidi@mecheng.iust.ac.ir 2 Ph.D. Student, Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, mr_heydari@iust.ac.ir 3 Associated Professor, Solid Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, mhaghpanahi@iust.ac.ir, mnavid@iust.ac.ir Abstract In magnetic fluid hyperthermia therapy, controlling temperature elevation and optimizing heat generation is an immense challenge in practice. The resultant heating configuration by magnetic fluid in the tumor is closely related to the dispersion of particles, frequency and power of magnetic field, and biological tissue properties. In this study, by using experimental results of nanoparticles distribution inside Agarose gel according to various injection velocity, 4 / min L  , 10 / min L  , 20 / min L  , and 40 / min L  , for 0.3cc magnetite fluid, power dissipation inside gel has been calculated and used for temperature prediction inside of the gel. To solve bio-heat transfer equation, we used a finite element method and for verifying our model, an exponential heat generation function has been used. To show the accuracy of the model, simulations have been compared with numerical and experimental results, reported in literature. Outcomes demonstrated that by increasing the flow rate injection at determined concentrations, mean temperature drops. Keywords: hyperthermia, bio-heat transfer equation, magnetic fluid, nanoparticles distribution, power dissipation Introduction The term hyperthermia denotes to either an abnormally high fever or the treatment of a disease by the induction of fever, as by the injection of a foreign protein or the application of heat. Hyperthermia may be defined more precisely as ascending temperature of a part of body above normal for a defined period of time. The extent of temperature elevation associated with hyperthermia is on the order of a few degrees above normal temperature ( 41 – 45 C ) [1]. In clinical applications of magnetic fluid hyperthermia for cancer treatment, it is very important to ensure maximum damage to the tumor while protecting the normal tissue. In magnetic fluid hyperthermia, the magnetic nanoparticles are delivered to the tumor. Two techniques are currently used to deliver particles to a tumor. First, deliver them to the tumor vasculature through its supplying artery; however, this method is not effective for poorly perfused tumors. Moreover, for a tumor with an irregular shape, inadequate particle distribution may cause under-dosage of heating in the tumor or overheating of the normal tissue. The second approach, is to directly inject them into the extracellular space in tumors. They diffuse inside the tissue after injection of ferrofluid. If the tumor has an irregular shape, multisite injection can be exploited to cover the entire target region [2]. Experiments on magnetic particle diffusion in Agarose gel and animal tissue were performed to study their migration in gel and to evaluate the local blood perfusion rate and amount of nanofluid delivered to target region by Salloum et al. [2, 3]. The Pennes bio-heat transfer equation model has been broadly used among different bio-heat models [4]. This model shows the effect of blood perfusion as a temperature-dependent heat sink term and practically simulate convection heat transfer by blood. It is assumed that the blood perfusion effect is homogeneous and isotropic, and that thermal equilibration occurs in the micro- circulatory capillary bed. Due to the complication of tissues and their complex geometry, exact solutions aren’t available in many cases [5]. In many practical applications, numerical models such as the finite element method