Plant Pathology (2004) 53, 528 Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2004.01020.x
528 © 2004 BSPP
Blackwell Publishing, Ltd.
NEW DISEASE REPORT
First report of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera
phaseoli (syn. Sphaerotheca phaseoli ) on cowpea
(Vigna sinensis) in Turkey
E. M. Soylu, S. Soylu* and S. Kurt
Department of Plant Protection, University of Mustafa Kemal, Faculty of Agriculture, 31034 Hatay, Turkey
During the summer of 2003, typical symptoms of powdery
mildew were observed in many cowpea fields assessed
in Hatay Province, Turkey. White, epiphytic mycelia and
conidia, characteristic of a powdery mildew, were present
on leaves, stems and inflorescences. The plant tissue under-
neath the mycelial patches was purplish in colour. Mycelial
growth was amphigenous, thick, forming irregular white
patches, sometimes effused to cover the whole leaf
surface, and had poorly developed nipple-shaped single
appressorium. Simple straight conidiophores (115–190 ×
10–13 μm) developed mostly singly from a hyphal cell,
arising from the upper part of mother cells, having the
basal septum at the branching point of the mycelium with
a sharp constriction. Each conidiophore had three to
eight barrel-shaped conidia formed in chain. Conidia with
fibrosin bodies were 28–42 × 15–18 μm in size and ger-
minated below the shoulder by producing a simple germ
tube. Dark brown ascomata, found on leaves and stems as
embedded in the mycelial felt, were spherical, gregarious
to subscattered and measured 85–105 μm in diameter.
Appendages (six to 15) were myceloid, arising from the
lower half of the ascomata, brown, paler upward and 6–
8 μm wide. The ascomata contained single ascus (65–
95 × 55–67 μm). The ascus contained eight ellipsoidal to
ovoid ascospores (18–24 × 12–16 μm). On the basis of
morphological characters of the conidial stage and tele-
omorph, the fungus was identified as Podosphaera phaseoli
(syn. Sphaerotheca phaseoli) (Braun & Takamatsu, 2000;
Shin, 2000). Pathogenicity tests were conducted on 4-
week-old cowpea plants, cv. Libye, by shaking fresh
conidia from naturally infected plants onto the healthy
leaves. Inoculated plants were kept in a moist chamber
(100% RH) for 2 days and then maintained a growth
chamber at 22 ± 2°C, 75% RH with a 16 h photoperiod.
After 7–10 days, inoculated plants developed powdery
mildew symptoms, which were similar to those observed
on naturally infected plants.
This is the first report of powdery mildew on cowpea
in Turkey. Previous reports list P. phaseoli on Vigna spp.
in Korea (Shin & La, 1992; Lee et al., 2002) and the same
species P. phaseoli was also reported on several related
host plants such as Phaseolus spp. and Rhynchosia
volubilis (Shin, 2000). Although bean is the one of the
alternative hosts of the disease agent and grown in nearby
cowpea plants in the same field, no disease symptoms
were observed on bean plants.
References
Braun U, Takamatsu S, 2000. Phylogeny of Erysiphe,
Microsphaera, Uncinula (Erysiphaceae) and Cystotheca,
Podosphaera, Sphaerotheca (Cystotheceae) inferred from
rDNA ITS sequences – some taxonomic consequences.
Schlechtendalia 4, 1–33.
Lee SY, Hwang SJ, Lee SB, 2002. Occurrence of powdery
mildew on mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) caused by
Sphaerotheca phaseoli. Research in Plant Disease 8, 166–70.
Shin HD, 2000. Erysiphaceae of Korea. Suwon, Korea: National
Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology.
Shin HD, La YJ, 1992. Addition to the new records of host
plants of powdery mildews in Korea. Korean Journal of
Plant Pathology 8, 57– 60.
*E-mail: soylu@mku.edu.tr
Accepted 7 January 2004 at www.bspp.org.uk/ndr where figures
relating to this paper can be viewed