IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 13, Issue 3 Ver. VI (May- Jun. 2016), PP 94-99 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303069498 www.iosrjournals.org 94 | Page Comparative analysis on Performance and Emission characteristics of VCR diesel engine using Nitrogenated based Additives Ravi Shankar Padwa 1 , Vivek Singh 2 , Gajendra Padwa 3 , Neeraj Kumar 4 1, 2, 4 (Mechanical Engineering Department, Jodhpur Institute of Engineering & Technology, India) 3 (Mechanical Engineering Department, Vellore Institute of Technology, India) Abstract : Demand of petroleum products are increasing every year due to urbanization, increase in vehicular density and power requirement is going up and to reduce emission produced by today’s diesel engine, which in turns require a clean burning fuel that perform well under the variety of operating conditions. Smoke and NOx are main contents of emission from diesel engine and it is very difficult to control both of them simultaneously. In this investigation Ethanol and Nitromethane was used as an additive to improve the performance and emission characteristic of a compression ignition engine. The performance and emission characteristics of an engine run on diesel at compression ratio 17.5:1 were evaluated and compared with engine operating on E- Diesel(90% diesel+10% ethanol), E-NM 2 -Diesel(90% diesel+9.8% ethanol+ .2%nitromrthane) blend at compression ratio of 17.5:1 and 16.5:1. The graph plotted for performance and emission characteristics. Keywords: VCR diesel engine, Diesel, Ethanol, Nitromethane. I. Introduction In the last six decades, India’s energy consumption rate increases by 16 times and currently, India stands 6th in the world of oil consuming countries with an oil utilization of 2,438,000 barrels per day because of fast rate of population growth. At this rate, the fossil fuel will not be available for a long time as the gap between supply and demand increases large. The production of crude oil in India is estimated to have a decreasing trend after the year 2010. But there will be an increase in the vehicle population every year which will demand an increase in crude oil imports. With this scenario the need for an alternate fuel arises to maintain the economy of the country. As we know that, compression ignition (CI) engine plays a vital role in power generation, transportation and industrial activities. The main advantages of the diesel engine over the gasoline spark ignition engine include its durability, reduced fuel consumption and lower emission of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon. The search for alternative fuels for CI engines is very important. 1.1 Need of Alternative Fuels The alternative fuels are required due to the following reasons:  Scarcity of crude oil  Environmental damage  Global warming  Oil spill  Acid rain  Air pollution 1.2 Health threat of fossil fuel use Fossil fuel provides a reliable energy for consumer there is a major risk associated with it. Carbon dioxide, produced from combustion of fossil fuels, is not a poisonous gas, but it is dangerous to the earth’s natural climate system. Particulate matter is comprised of tiny particles that remain in the emissions of fossil fuels. The smoke, also called "soot", contains fine particles that are resulted from the chemical components as a result of combustion of fossil fuels particularly in diesel engines. Particulate matter (PM) is essentially a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets. They are dispersed through vehicle emissions and remain suspended at low levels, so that when we breathe, these particles enter our nose and mouth and become embedded in the deepest recesses of the lungs. Numerous scientific studies have proven that the particulate matter emitted from CI engine cause the following:  Premature death  Cancer  Acute respiratory illnesses (asthma, chronic bronchitis, painful breathing)  Shortness of breath