Solid State Communications 150 (2010) 219–222 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Solid State Communications journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ssc Magnetic resonance and ferromagnetic behaviour in Fe-implanted SrTiO 3 S. Kazan a , A.G. Şale a , Ju.I. Gatiiatova b , V.F. Valeev b , R.I. Khaibullin b , F.A. Mikailzade a,c,∗ a Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey b Kazan Physical–Technical Institute, 10/7, Sibirsky Trakt, 420029, Kazan, Russia c Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, H. Javid Av. 33, Baku, Azerbaijan article info Article history: Received 13 July 2009 Received in revised form 9 October 2009 Accepted 27 October 2009 by P. Sheng Available online 4 November 2009 PACS: 62.23.Pq 75.60.Ej 76.50.+g 85.40.Ry 61.72.U- Keywords: A. Nanostructures D. Crystal and ligand fields E. Electron paramagnetic resonance abstract The results of magnetic resonance and magnetization measurements of Fe-implanted strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ) are presented. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra including resonance lines due to the paramagnetic Fe 3+ –V o site with axially disturbed ligand field, and due to S -state Fe 3+ ions (S = 5/2 and L = 0) substituted into the titanium site coordinated by six oxygen atoms in the Ti 4+ - centered unit cell, were observed. It has been revealed that the implantation of Fe ions into SrTiO 3 produces a remarkable ferromagnetic behavior. The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and magnetization measurements revealed an out-of-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in Fe-implanted SrTiO 3 . The observed phenomena are discussed on the basis of strong magnetic dipolar interaction between Fe nanoparticles due to the decreasing interparticle distance with increasing implantation fluence. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Investigations of the magnetic and electrical properties of com- posite systems representing dispersed magnetic nanoparticles em- bedded in a dielectric host are of great interest due to the wide range of potential applications of these materials in the fields of magnetoelectronics and spintronics, including magnetic record- ing, magnetosensor electronics, magnetooptical devices, etc. [1]. On the other hand, these structures provide a good model system for studying experimentally fundamental phenomena in nano- magnetism [2,3]. Particularly interesting phenomena occur when the nanoparticles are coupled by magnetic interactions [4–7]. In particular, the ability to tune magnetic interactions in nanopar- ticle systems is of great importance [8]. The magnetic properties of such composites can be controlled on a large scale by varying the average nanoparticle size, distribution, packing factor, and composition of the magnetic inclusions and surrounding diamagnetic medium. Actually there are a number of different techniques for obtaining composite materials with controlled structural and magnetic characteristics. ∗ Corresponding author at: Department of Physics, Gebze Institute of Technology, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey. Tel.: +90 262 6051311; fax: +90 262 6538490. E-mail address: faik@gyte.edu.tr (F.A. Mikailzade). Among these techniques, ion implantation is a very attractive and prospective preparation method, which has a number of advantages: easy control of the metal distribution and concentration; the availability of almost arbitrary metal–dielectric compositions; and the ability to surpass the solubility limits constrained by the chemical and thermodynamic equilibrium of the host matrix and metal impurities [9]. Besides, the ion implantation technique is ideally suited for the fabrication of thin-film magnetic media and planar devices for magnetosensor electronics. In this paper the results of investigations of magnetic reso- nance spectra and magnetization measurements of Fe-implanted perovskite SrTiO 3 crystals are presented. These results show the promise of ferroelectric perovskite for potential magnetoelectric applications and the flexibility of ion implantation as a method for introducing of transition metal impurities into host materials for purposes of measuring their magnetic properties using different experimental techniques. 2. Experimental The samples were prepared by Fe ion implantation into (100)-oriented single-crystalline plates of SrTiO 3 substrates with 40 kEv iron ions at fluences between 0.5 × 10 17 and 1.5 × 10 17 ion/cm 2 and with a current density of 8 μA/cm 2 . 0038-1098/$ – see front matter © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2009.10.041