V. Muniappan et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 7, ( Part -1) July 2016, pp.06-10 www.ijera.com 6 | Page Analysis of Seed Proteins in Groundnut Cultivars ( Arachis hypogaea L.) V. Muniappan * ,S. Palanivel * ,S.Parvathi * , M.B.Viswanathan** and R. Rajesh** *Department Of Botany, Government Arts College, Karur-639 005, Tamil Nadu, India. **Department Of Plant Science, Bharathidasan University, Thiruchirappalli-24, Tamil Nadu, India. ABSTRACT The seed protein contents and protein banding pattern were studied in commonly cultivated groundnut cultivars. The groundnut cultivars such as ICGV00351, TMV-7, CO-4,CO-6 and TG-374 were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis of seed proteins. The protein contents varied among the different varieties of groundnut. The maximum protein content was observed in CO-6 followed by CO-4, TMV-7, ICGV00351 and TG-374. There was a slight differences in protein content among the different cultivars. All the five cultivars of groundnut were subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis. The results revealed that the variation in total number of bands and MW-Rf values. The maximum number of MW-Rf value was noticed in TG-374 and ICGV00351, and the minimum MW-Rf value was 11 recorded in CO-6 and TMV-7. Keywords: Seed proteins, Spectrophotometric and Electrophoretic analysis I. INTRODUCTION Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an annual warm-season plant of the legume family that originated in South America and groundnut has been cultivated since ancient times. The seeds contain 40-50% oil, 20-30% proteins and are an excellent source of vitamins B. Large seeded varieties are used for roasting and confections and small-seeded types are used for oil. The groundnut meal is rich in protein and can be used as food or feed [1]. Many workers used seed protein electrophoresis for characterization of cultivated and wild species of groundnut [2-9]. The seed storage protein were analysis helps in identification and characterization of diversity in crop varieties, cultivars and their wild varieties and also provides information on phylogenetic relationship of the accession[10-12]. Seed storage protein profiles have also been used to study evolutionary relation of several crop plants [13]. The objective of this study was the estimate the seed storage proteins and know the banding pattern of proteins in some of the commonly cultivated groundnut varieties. II. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1. Seed Material Five commonly cultivated groundnut cultivars such as ICGV00351, TMV-7, CO-4,CO-6 and TG-374 were obtained from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore and used as an experimental material. 2.2. Protein Estimation The protein estimation was carried out by using Lowry et al., (1951). 2.3. SDS-PAGE Analysis: The Sodium dodcyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Laemmli, (1970) was followed in this study. III. RESULTS 3.1. Protein content in different groundnut varieties The protein content was estimated in seeds of five groundnut varieties. The seed storage protein content was maximum in Co-6 (193mg/g/fw) followed by 187mg/g/fw in ICGV00351. At the same time the protein trend was 176mg/g/fw in TMV-7 and 162 mg/g/fw in CO-6 and 144 mg/g/fw in TG-374. The protein analysis of groundnut seeds indicated the differences among the five varieties (Table- 1). 3.2. SDS - PAGE analysis of seed proteins: The seed storage proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE for all the five varieties. The maximum number of bands observed was 21 for all the varieties. In TMV-7 and Co-6 MW-Rf was 11. But in TG-374 and ICGV00351 recorded highest MW-Rf of 17. At the same time in Co-4 the MW- Rf of 12 was noticed. The following proteins with MW-Rf values of 0.457, 0.642, 0.685, 0.714, 0.785, 0.814, 0.857 and 0.928 were commonly noticed in the all the five varieties. The MW-Rf 0.528 was present in ICGV00351, TG-374 and Co- 6 but absent in Co-4 and TMV-7. Like that 0.514 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS