JOUR.GEOL.SOC.INDIA, VOL.72, DEC. 2008
774 KANTIMATI G. KULKARNI AND OTHERS
Gastrochaenolites Bioerosion in the Kalyanpur Limestone (Pliocene)
of Dwarka Area, Kathiawar, Gujarat
KANTIMATI G. KULKARNI, V.D. BORKAR and TEJASHREE PETARE
Palaeobiology Group, Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune – 411 004
Email: kantimatik@yahoo.co.in
Abstract: Well preserved flask shaped borings belonging to ichnogenus Gastrochaenolites Leymerie, (1842) are being
reported from the Kalyanpur Limestone Member (Pliocene) of Dwarka Formation, Jamnagar district, Kathiawar Region,
Gujarat. The ichnofauna consists of Gastrochaenolites ampullatus Kelly and Bromley, G. cluniformis Kelly and Bromley,
G. lapidicus Kelly and Bromley, G. orbicularis Kelly and Bromley, G. ornatus Kelly and Bromley, G. torpedo Kelly and
Bromley, G. turbinatus Kelly and Bromley, and Gastrochaenolites isp. Though individuals of groups other than bivalves
are known to create Gastrochaenolites-like borings, these borings were evidently emplaced by bivalves alone, confirmed
by the presence of bivalve casts in some of the specimens. This hardground suggests an intraformational break in
deposition
Keywords: Bioerosion, Gastrochaenolites, Neogene, Pliocene, Kathiawar, Gujarat.
Mude (2004) from the Gaj Formation, are actually from the
Kalyanpur limestone. In area around Bhavpara, the
Kalyanpur limestone directly overlies the Deccan Trap and
there is no development of Gaj Formation.
All the studied specimens occur as natural casts. Type
specimens of the borings described herein bear registration
numbers MACS G 5147 to 5152 and are housed in the
Palaeontological Repository of the Agharkar Research
Institute, Pune.
SYSTEMATIC TAXONOMY
Ichnogenus Gastrochaenolites Leymerie, 1842
Diagnosis: “Clavate borings in lithic substrates. The
apertural region of the boring is narrower than the main
chamber and may be circular, oval, or dumb-bell shaped.
The aperture may be separated from the main chamber by a
neck region, which in some cases may be widely flared.
The main chamber may vary from sub-spherical to elongate,
having a parabolic to rounded truncated base and a circular
to oval cross section, modified in some forms by a
longitudinal ridge or grooves to produce an almond- or heart-
shaped section” (Kelly and Bromley, 1984).
Remarks: Specimens under consideration show
diagnostic characters of Gastrochaenolites including
clavate-shape, aperture narrower than main chamber,
INTRODUCTION
Post Deccan Trap marine Tertiary sediments in the
Dwarka-Okha tract of the Kathiawar peninsula are of
Neogene age. Rocks of the Ashapura clay [equivalent to
the Gaj Formation of Sind (Pakistan) and the Chhasra
Formation of Kachchh], Burdigalian in age, overlie the
Deccan Trap with an unconformity. The succeeding
formation, termed the Dwarka Formation, consists of three
members viz. Positra limestone member, Shankhodhar
sand-clay member and Kalyanpur limestone member in
ascending order (Bhatt, 2000). These three members are
assigned Middle Miocene, Upper Miocene and Lower
Pliocene ages respectively. This entire sequence is
followed by the Chaya Formation and Holocene beach
deposits (Bhatt, 2000) (Table 1).
The present communication deals with certain borings
referred to ichnogenus Gastrochaenolites, occurring
within the Kalyanpur limestone member, Dwarka Formation,
exposed in the tract between villages Gadhechi [22°21'18"
N : 69°17'41" E] and Batisa (Fig. 1), indicating presence
of a hardground represented by bivalve bioerosion. An
allusion to some coralline algae and trace fossils from
the Neogene sediments has been made by Kundal and
Dharashivkar (2003a, b). A preliminary report on trace
fossils by Kundal and Dharashivkar (2006) includes five
ichnoforms from the Kalyanpur limestone. It may be
mentioned that coralline algae reported by Kundal and
JOURNAL GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
Vol.72, December 2008, pp.774-780
0016-7622/2008-72-6-774/$ 1.00 © GEOL. SOC. INDIA