Mapping Rules to Convert from ODL to XML-SCHEMA
Artur Afonso de Sousa
1
, José Luís Pereira
2
and João Álvaro Carvalho
2
1
Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Viseu, Departamento de Informática, Portugal
ajas@di.estv.ipv.pt
2
Universidade do Minho, Departamento de Sistemas de Informação, Guimarães, Portugal
{jlmp, jac}@dsi.uminho.pt
Abstract
As new standards for technology specifications related
to XML are unveiled, and stable tools to implement them
become available, the widespread usage of XML as an
universal format for data exchange between
heterogeneous systems (using the Internet), will
increasingly become a reality. Therefore, in order to deal
efficiently with the large amounts of XML data that will
be generated in the near future it is imperative to find
efficient alternatives for the storage and management of
this special kind of data. For that matter, object-oriented
databases seem to be a good alternative.
In this paper, we begin with an analysis of the
different alternatives available to store and manage XML
data. After that, we concentrate our attention on the
Object-Oriented (OO) database approach and, in that
context, we present a first set of rules that allow the
translation from a simple database schema specified in
ODL (Object Definition Language) into a schema
specified in XML-SCHEMA.
In the near future we intend not only to expand this set
with new rules that will handle other, more complex, OO
modeling constructs, but also to create another set of
transformation rules to work the other way round (i. e.
from XML-SCHEMA to ODL). Our aim is to cover all the
possible modeling situations one may come across in OO
database schemas specified in ODL.
1. Introduction
Everyone agrees that, despite its infancy, XML
promises to revolutionize the future of the WWW. Due to
its flexibility and extensibility, some even consider that
XML has all the qualities to become the “lingua franca” of
the Internet. Indeed, the expectations around XML are
increasingly high, particularly in the area of data
interchange between heterogeneous systems connected to
the Internet. Therefore, in order to deal efficiently with the
large amounts of XML data that, certainly, will be
generated and exchanged between systems in the near
future, it is essential to analyze the different options
available regarding the storage and management of this
special kind of data.
In the database community there are different opinions
about the merits of each database model in dealing with
XML data. There are those who claim that the relational
(and object-relational) model is still the best available
option, due to its maturity and widespread use in
organizations. There are others who argue against the
relational model, because of its over simplicity and
limited semantic power, and rather prefer the object-
oriented model. An increasing number of people are
embracing the very recent semi-structured data models
and the native systems as the best alternative regarding
this matter. So, the point is, everybody claims that “their”
model is the right one to store and manage XML data.
With this paper we hope to contribute to this
discussion, clarifying a little bit more what is involved
with the storage and management of XML data using
object-oriented databases. With this purpose in mind, we
present a first set of nine rules that allow the translation
from a simple database schema specified in ODL (Object
Definition Language) into a schema specified in XML-
SCHEMA [11, 26, 5], which, from a conceptual point of
view, seems to be a particularly adequate option.
Regarding the structure of this paper: the second
section deals with the storage and management of XML
data; in the third section we present a set of transformation
rules to convert an ODL schema to a XML-SCHEMA
schema; finally, the fourth section concludes the paper.
2. Storage and management of XML data
Nowadays, there are several alternatives to the storage
and management of XML data, namely relational (and
object-relational) databases, object-oriented databases,
semi-structured databases, native XML databases, and
even the file system.
XML is quickly becoming the standard for data
interchange in the WWW. Therefore, if we take into
account that today a large amount of electronic data is
stored in relational and object-relational databases, it
Proceedings of the XXII International Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society (SCCC’02)
1522-4902/02 $17.00 © 2002 IEEE