How can resilience influence gentrification for creating sustainable urban systems? Shima Beigi, PhD. University of Oxford Corresponding email: shima.beigi@kellogg.ox.ac.uk As urbanisation continues to attract more people to live in cities [1] and as humans continue to be the dominant driving force of in the Anthropocene [2], longterm sustainability of cities and their resilience have become the focus of leading organisations such as the United Nations (UN), research institutions across the world, communities and mayors [3]. To rethink urbanism in the Anthropocene, the era marked by significant changes in frequency and intensity of shocks, the UN has updated the vision of sustainable development to include additional needs of building inclusive resilient and productive cities and investing in supporting infrastructure systems as two of the most crucial parts of global sustainability and climate change mitigation and adaptation framework. Including urban resilience and infrastructure adaptation investment mean that cities across the world have to reconnect to some of the challenges of urban planning and development such as placemaking, urban inclusiveness, deep decarbonisation, community building, resilience, aging infrastructure systems, and population relocation as a result of gentrification [4]. 1 City developers have realised that since some of these concepts such as gentrification date back to almost four decades ago, a complete integration of sustainability goals requires cities facing challenges such as gentrification and climate change adaptation to update their vision of what a sustainable retrofit uniquely means for them [5]. In exploring the challenges and opportunities that gentrification pose for financing sustainable urban development, it is necessary to identify the existing assumption about building sustainable cities. 1 The concept of innercity revitalisation or the so called gentrification came to attention during 1970s by Ruth Glass whereby a majority of lowerincome households were replaced by middleclass settlements. 1