1 Assessment of Casting Mold Processes: A brief review Mohammed AL-luaibi Abstract: An attempt has been made to describe the casting metallic mold in brief and review the major casting process based on a set of criteria such as step involved, process conceptualization, advantages, disadvantages, and their applications. In addition, the most defects of the casting process are also presented in this study. Based on this review, it can be observed that numerous casting methods are founded and the selection of a process is depend on several factors such as the quality of the casting surface, dimension accuracy, rate production, shape complexity and cost .etc. 1. Introduction Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solidified part is also known as a casting, which is ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process. Casting materials are usually metals or various cold setting materials that cure after mixing two or more components together; examples are epoxy, concrete, plaster and clay. Casting is most often used for making complex shapes that would be otherwise difficult or uneconomical to make by other methods. Solidification occurs in two steps: nucleation and crystal growth. In the nucleation stage, solid particles form within the liquid. When these particles form their internal energy is lower than the surrounded liquid, which creates an energy interface between the two. The formation of the surface at this interface requires energy, so as nucleation occurs the material actually undercools, that is it cools below its freezing temperature, because of the extra energy required to form the interface surfaces. It then recalescences, or heats back up to its freezing temperature, for the