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The Mobility Performances of New Wheeled and Legged
Hybrid Mechanisms System Robot iSRo
Son Kuswadi
1
, Indra Adji Sulistijono
1
, Rachman Ardyansyah
1
, Ahmad Zulkarnain
1
, Tiyo Avianto
1
,
Ilmi Rizki Imaduddin
1
, Achmad Luthfi
1
, Moh. Saifulloh
1
, Achmad Jazidie
2
, and Mitsuji Sampei
3
1
Dept. of Mechatronics Engineering, Electronics Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya (EEPIS)
2
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya (ITS)
Kampus ITS, Jalan Raya ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia; E-mail: {sonk, indra}@eepis-its.edu
3
Dept. of Mechanical and Control System Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan; E-mail: sampei@ctrl.titech.ac.jp
Abstract: In rescue robot competition field, a robot needs to operate in various dynamic environments where they
encounter a multitude of unknown both static and/or moving obstacles and targets. Hence, the robot should have high
mobility performance to cope with this situation. Here, we propose a new robot hybrid mechanism that consists of wheeled
and legged actuators. Based upon the designed mechanism, we derive 10 primitive motions. It is apparent that with this
large number of primitive motions, the robot could achieve high mobility performances. We show such high performance
by simulation and experiment.
Keywords: Hybrid mechanisms, parallel robot, rescue robot, mobility
1. INTRODUCTION
Robotics is an exciting field in engineering and nat-
ural sciences. Robotics has already made a significant
contribution to many industries with the widespread use
of industrial robots for tasks such as assembly, welding,
painting, and handling materials. In parallel, we have
witnessed the emergence of special robots, which can un-
dertake assistive jobs, such as search and rescue [1], de-
mining [2], surveillance [3], exploration [4], and security
[5] functions. Indeed, the interest in mobile machines,
such as climbing and walking robots [6], has broadened
the scope of investigation in robotics.
In dynamic field like rescue robot competition arena,
the robot should have capability to do maneuver in un-
predictable and complicated area. Therefore, it needs a
robot with very flexible mechanism and a proper con-
trol algorithm. By flexible mechanism, the robot should
have enough degree of freedom and rich of kind of ac-
tuator to cope with different situation in the field. The
researchers introduce many kind of robot to be work in
the field, mostly wheeled [7] and legged [8] mechanism.
However, recently many of them propose new ideas about
new systems of movement of robot that take ideas from
nature called as biologically-inspired robot [9]. The ideas
from biology and self-organization can strongly benefit
the design of autonomous robot.
Artifacts in general and robots in particular are always
designed for a particular task environment in which they
have to achieve certain behaviors. In manufacturing, for
example, the robot that should rapidly weld pieces to-
gether, the focus is on speed, precision, controllability
and cost effectiveness. In other hand, when robots will be
utilized in the real world, should have capability to cope
with uncertain situations and react quickly to changes in
the environment. Hence, the biological systems become
naturally most important inspiration resources for robot
engineers to design a robot. Through simulation, steer-
ing is possible, even though the leg actuation is limited to
motion in the sagittal plane only, via differential motion
between left and right legs.
Also interesting to note a quadruped robot TITAN
(Tokyo Institute of Technology Aruku Norimono) as a
series of Hiroses work [11]. The robot is equipped with
adaptive feet, enabling it to walk on uneven terrain; it
also has the ability to recover from falls and can climb
stairs autonomously. One of the most interesting features
of this robot is that it can stand on three legs and use the
fourth leg, equipped with an adjustable gripper, as a ma-
nipulator. Snake robots also become interesting research
topics among robot engineers [12]. The undulating move-
ment of a snake requires coordination and sequencing
of muscle contractions along the spinal cord, enabling
the successive segments of the animal to move in turn.
Therefore, on making snake robot requires the construc-
tion of a multi-segmented body with the appropriate con-
trol sequence to allow smooth, undulating movements
[13],[14].
In this work, we propose a new hybrid mechanism
of wheeled and legged, called iSRo (intelligent Search
Robot). The robot will be utilized as a SAR (search-and-
rescue) robot that inspired from biological systems as fol-
lows. First, we got an idea from the human shoulder.
Then we realize the similar mechanism of the shoulder
and to increase the mobility we add wheeled actuators.
It will be shown that the robot has 10 primitive motions,
and hence it will have very flexible mobility by combin-
ing those primitive motions.
This paper is organized as follows. Section II proposes
the robot mechanism and mobility of the robot. Section
III shows some experimental results. Section IV con-
cludes this paper and describes the future works.
ICROS-SICE International Joint Conference 2009
August 18-21, 2009, Fukuoka International Congress Center, Japan
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