Hindawi Publishing Corporation
International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks
Volume 2013, Article ID 842608, 11 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/842608
Research Article
A Hybrid Security Mechanism for Intra-WBAN and
Inter-WBAN Communications
Sarah Irum,
1
Aftab Ali,
1
Farrukh Aslam Khan,
1,2
and Haider Abbas
2,3
1
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
2
King Saud University, Riyadh 11653, Saudi Arabia
3
National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Correspondence should be addressed to Farrukh Aslam Khan; fakhan@ksu.edu.sa
Received 27 January 2013; Revised 25 May 2013; Accepted 10 June 2013
Academic Editor: Muhammad Khurram Khan
Copyright © 2013 Sarah Irum et al. his is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
he emerging wireless body area networks (WBANs) have a great potential for the growth and development of future ubiquitous
healthcare systems. However, due to the use of unreliable wireless media, WBANs are exposed to a variety of attacks. he prevention
of these attacks depends upon the cryptographic techniques. he strength of cryptography is based on the keys used for encryption
and decryption in the communication process. Security is still an alarming challenge for WBANs and needs attention of the
research community. he proposed work introduces a hybrid key management scheme for both intra-WBAN and inter-WBAN
communications. he proposed technique is based on preloaded keys as well as keys automatically generated from biometrics
of the human body. he biometric-based calculations are of linear time complexity to cater the strict resource constraints and
security requirements of WBANs. he proposed security mechanism provides an eicient solution for the security of both intra-
WBAN and inter-WBAN communications. he results of the proposed technique are compared with an existing key management
technique known as BARI+. he results show signiicant improvement over the results produced by BARI+ in terms of storage,
communication, energy overhead, and security.
1. Introduction
Wireless body area network (WBAN) is a special type of
network in which sensors are deployed on the human body.
he sensors collect physiological values from the body and
transmit the collected records to the concerned medical
server. he applications of WBANs include health monitoring
of patients in a hospital and monitoring of soldiers in a
battleield. he WBAN monitoring system is used to monitor
a person’s vital signs remotely. he system also receives
feedback for maintaining a good health status of the subject
so that proper action can be taken to rectify the abnormalities
[1, 2]. he introduction of WBANs to E-Health monitoring
system has revolutionized the ield of health monitoring
and resulted in better quality of life [3]. Since we deal
with the personal information of a person, the security and
privacy becomes an essential part of this communication.
In case of medical applications, the security threats may
lead a patient to a dangerous condition, and sometimes to
the death of the patient [4]. WBAN communication can
be classiied into intra-WBAN communication and inter-
WBAN communication. Intra-WBAN communication refers
to the on-body sensors communication while inter-WBAN
communication refers to the communication between two
diferent WBANs. WBAN communication faces security
issues as biomedical sensors implanted on the human body
for mobile healthcare monitoring communicate with external
networks, which increases the security risk. Since biomedical
sensor nodes are allowed to monitor and transmit potentially
sensitive medical data, the security and privacy becomes a
major concern in WBANs. WBANs consist of lightweight
sensors, which are limited both in terms of computational and
communication resources; therefore, the security models and
protocols used for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) cannot
be applied to WBANs in exactly the same manner for diferent
resource-constrained applications and scenarios [5, 6].
he existing key management techniques for WBANs
are either plug-and-play or based on preloading. he work
proposed in this paper consists of a hybrid technique; that
is, it supports both plug-and-play capability as well as some