A. Elmanama et al., J. Al-Aqsa Unv., 10 (S.E.) 2006 108 Contribution of Hospital Wastewater to the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance in Comparison to Non-Health Institution Dr. Abdelraouf A. Elmanama * Dr. Abboud Y. ElKichaoui ** Miss. Mai Mohsin * ∗ ∗ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ ﺒﺎﻹ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺘﻁـﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﺘﺠـﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻼﻨﺤﺩﺍﺭ ﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍ ﺕ ﻟﻪ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﺨﻁﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎﺕ. ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﺼﻭﺭ ﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺼﻤﻡ ﻟﻘﺩ ﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻜﻤﺅﺴﺴﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ ﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻋﺯل ﺘﻡ ﻭﻟﻘﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺯﻟﺕ ﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻤﻊ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﺼﻭﺭ ﻭﻤﻘﺎﺭﻨﺔ. ﺠﻤﻌﺕ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﻭﺜﻼﺙ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ ﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻴـﺎﻩ ﻤﻥ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻭﻤﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﺩﺨل ﻭﻤﻥ ﻏﺯﺓ ﻗﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺭ ﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠ ﻤﺤﻁﺔ ﻤﺼﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺭ ﻓﻲ. ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﻜـﺎﻥ ﺠﻤﻌﻬـﺎ ﺘﻡ45 ﻋﺯل ﺘﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ154 ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ. ﻭﻜﺎﻨ ﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺯﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﻨﺴﺏ ﻜﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ: 30.5% E. coli, 33.1% Pseudomonas spp., 10.4% Klebsiella spp., 4.5% Proteus spp. and 21.4% Enterococcus spp. ﺍﻟﺤﺴ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﺠﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺎﺴﻴﺔ. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻴﻭﻴﺎ ﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ: Cephalexin (52.1%), Co-Trimoxazole (41.3%), Tetracycline (41.3%), Chloramphenicol (39.7%), Nalidixic Acid (36.4%), Piperacillin (28.9%), Amoxycillin (35.5%), Ceftizoxime (14.0%), Azreonam (13.2%), Ciprofloxacin (12.4%), Tobramycin (11.6%), Gentamicin (10.7%), Ceftazidime and Amikacin (8.3%) and Imipenem (0.0%). ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻤﻀﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻟﺨﻤﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺭﻴﺎ ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ ﻭﻨﺴﺒﺔ: * Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine, elmanama_144@yahoo.com ** Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine * ∗ ∗ Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University-Gaza. Palestine.