Journal of Modern Physics, 2013, 4, 331-336
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2013.43045 Published Online March 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/jmp)
Temperature Dependence of Density and Thermal
Expansion of Wrought Aluminum Alloys 7041, 7075
and 7095 by Gamma Ray Attenuation Method
Kethireddy Narender
1
, Ammiraju Sowbhagya Madhusudhan Rao
2
, Kalvala Gopal Kishan Rao
3
,
Nallacheruvu Gopi Krishna
1
1
Department of Physics, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India
2
Varadha Reddy College of Engineering, Warangal, India
3
CIC, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India
Email: ngopikrishna2012@yahoo.com
Received December 22, 2012; revised January 25, 2013; accepted February 4, 2013
ABSTRACT
The gamma quanta attenuation studies have been carried out to determine mass attenuation coefficients of 7041, 7075
and 7095 wrought aluminum alloys. The temperature dependence of linear attenuation coefficient, density and thermal
expansion of these wrought aluminum alloys in the temperature range 300 K - 850 K have been reported. The meas-
urements were done by using a gamma ray densitometer designed and fabricated in our laboratory. The data on varia-
tion of density and linear thermal expansion with temperature have been represented by linear equations. Volume ther-
mal expansion coefficients have been reported.
Keywords: Density; Thermal Expansion; Linear Attenuation Coefficient; Mass Attenuation Coefficient
1. Introduction
Number of methods [1-13] have evolved for the determi-
nation of density and thermal expansion of solids at high
temperature like Archimedean method, pycnometry, dila-
tometry, electromagnetic levitation, Method of maximal
pressure in a gas bubble, method of sessile drop, hydro-
static weighing, high temperature electrostatic levitation
and gamma ray densitometry. Thermal expansion studies
on isotropic solids have been reported by several workers
using X-ray diffraction [1,2], dilatometry [3,4], Fabrey-
Perot interference method [6] and by other theoretical
models [6-13]. Density and Thermal expansion are fun-
damental thermo physical properties of solids. The study
of temperature dependence of these properties is very im-
portant in understanding the temperature variation of
other properties like elastic constants, refractive indices,
dielectric constants, thermal conductivity, diffusion coef-
ficients and other heat transfer dimensionless numbers.
Thermal expansion of solids is of technical importance as
it determines the thermal stability and thermal shock re-
sistance of the material. In general the thermal expansion
characteristics decide the choice of material for the con-
struction of metrological instruments and in the choice of
container material in nuclear fuel technology.
Aluminum alloys are very important and extremely
useful engineering materials with very good physical
properties and finds many applications in modern tech-
nology. 7041, 7075 and 7095 aluminum alloys have wide
range of applications in aerospace, military and nuclear
industry. The gamma radiation attenuation technique for
the determination of thermo physical properties in the
condensed state offers several advantages over other me-
thods at high temperatures. This is possible because the
gamma ray is not in any kind of physical or thermal con-
tact with the material and hence the thermal losses are
also reduced and this condition eliminates sample and
probe compatibility problem. Using this technique Drot-
ning [14] measured thermal expansion of isotropic solid
materials at high temperatures. He studied thermal ex-
pansion of Aluminum and type 303 stainless steel at high
temperatures and such studies have been extended by
him to study the thermal expansion of metals and glasses
in the condensed state [14,15]. Recently the gamma ra-
diation attenuation technique has been used to measure
the temperature dependence of density of metals [16-19],
alloys [20-27] at high temperatures. It is desirable to
study the thermophysical properties of new materials at
high temperatures for their use in practical applications.
There is no study on the temperature variation of thermo
physical properties of 7041, 7075 and 7095 aluminum
alloys and as such, in the present article, we report the
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