Mapping Social Well-being by GI Ahwaz Munici D r Abdolrahim Asadollahi 1 , D r Abdolrahim Asadollahi 1 , 1 Assistant Professor, Social Gerontology, Quality of Life 2 Dept of Community Health, Faculty of Nurs ﻞ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژي، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد. The increasing 3.1 per cent in aging population comparing with 1.2 natural population growth has been a challengeable issue in Iranian society . Awareness on social well - being within older Obj ect i v es ﻞ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژي، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد. Iranian society . Awareness on social well - being within older adults is rare in current literatures, because psychic and biological of it had been more considerable. The exclusion of older women in research is more important. The Health-GIS employs new technical instrument of geographic information system (GIS) to zoning and analyzing health indices for better accreditation of health policy making . The study attends to accreditation of health policy making . The study attends to zoning social well-being of female older adults with GIS and impact of development measures of eight municipal districts of Ahwaz city. M ethods Iranian version of Keyes’ SSWB with 18 items was used with Iranian version of Keyes’ SSWB with 18 items was used with Cronbach's alpha, α= .84 in second mid-year 2013 among elderly females in Ahwaz city. About 187 aged sample were chosen in cluster-ratio sampling method. The eight municipal districts were classified into three sections i.e. undeveloped (region 4, 5, and 8), underdeveloped (region 1, 6, and 7), and developed (region 2 and 3 ) . The study has used ArcGIS software V . 10 . 0 . 2 for zoning 3 ) . The study has used ArcGIS software V . 10 . 0 . 2 for zoning regions and IBM SPSS V. 21.0 for statistical analysis, ANOVA and post-hoc tests. Samples’ mean age of years was 72.8 (SD=7.12), 36.4 per cent from Lor ethnic group, 34 .8 % Arabs, and 28 .9 Persians ; R esu l t s 21.9% have smoked, 75.9% having chronic disease during 6 to 10 years (41.7%) which are cardiovascular disease and arthritis (32.4%). Less than 9 per cent live alone and others (43.3%) live with their spouses. About 42.8% didn’t receive any financial support and pensioning, 49.2 per cent live in less developed regions, 28 .9 % in poor and undeveloped, and 21 .9 % in wealth regions, 28 .9 % in poor and undeveloped, and 21 .9 % in wealth and developed regions. Statistical analysis indicated geographic zoning of regions has impacted on SWB [F (7,179) = 4.651, ρ= .000, Partial η 2 = .154, R adj 2 = .121]. ANOVA and Post-hoc tests of Dunnett’s C and Games-Howell illustrated the regions 4 , 5 , and 6 have had high measures in SWB than others . Results of Leven’s box indicated to acceptance of equality of error variances [F (7,179) = 3.255, ρ= .003, Partial η 2 = .154] within groups. So, K ruskal-Wallis test was applied [K -W H; χ 2 (7, n=187)=33.147, ρ= .000] and it approved the significant differences of regions 4 to 6 in the SWB of elderly females (Mean Rank ≤111 .75 ) . (Mean Rank ≤111 .75 ) . The samples acclaimed their overall health situation is unsuitable but manageable and their SWB was affected by zoning and underdeveloped of municipal districts . The Conclusions zoning and underdeveloped of municipal districts . The development of regions and social well-being of the elderly must be attended in health policy making. IS among Elderly Females in ipal Zones , Dr Laleh Fani Saberi 2 NCWH-A-10-58 , Dr Laleh Fani Saberi 2 e Centre, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia sing & Midwifery, MUMS, Sari, Iran ﭘﯿﺎم ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ: در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪي ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ1/3 درﺻﺪي ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪي اﯾﺮان در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ رﺷﺪ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ2/1 % ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﯿﺰ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﺧﯿﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ در ﻣﺤﻮر ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ رواﻧﯽ و ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭘﯿﺎم ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ: در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪي ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ روش ﮐﻤﺘﺮ در ﻣﺤﻮر ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ رواﻧﯽ و ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي دارد. Health-GIS ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي ﻧﻮﯾﻦGIS ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻬﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ و درﻣﺎن ﺑﺮاي اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺰارﯾﻬﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﺸﺘﮕﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮداري اﻫﻮاز ﺑﺮ آن ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد روش از آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽﺰِ ﮐﯿ) Keyes’ SSWB ( 18 ﺳﻮاﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ آن) ﺟﻮﺷﻨﻠﻮ و ﻗﺎﺋﺪي،2010 ( در ﺳﻄﺢ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ84/0 اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﻧﯿﻤﻪ دوم ﺳﺎل2013 در اﻫﻮاز در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن، اﻫﻮاز اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮوش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﻬﻤﯿﻪ اي- ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي ﺗﻌﺪاد187 زن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﺸﺘﮕﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﺎﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ) ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ4 ، 5 و8 ( ، ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ) ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 1 ، 6 و7 ( و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﮥ ﻣﺮﻓﻪ) ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ2 و3 ( ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ArcGIS 10.0.2 ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻬﺎ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﺸﺘﮕﺎﻧﻪ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار آﻣﺎري SPSS 21.0 ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮑﺮاﻫﻪ و آزﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎي ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ8 / 72 ﺳﺎل) SD=7.12 ( ، 4 / 36 % از ﻗﻮم ﻟﺮ، ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ8 / 72 ﺳﺎل) SD=7.12 ( ، 4 / 36 % از ﻗﻮم ﻟﺮ، 8/34 % ﻋﺮب و9/28 % ﻓﺎرس،9/21 % دﺧﺎﻧﯿﺎت ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﻤﻮده و9/75 % داراي ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ7/41 % از آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت6 ﺗﺎ ده ﺳﺎل ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺧﺘﻼل ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻗﻠﺒﯽ ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ و آرﺗﺮوز) 4/32 % ( ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از9 % ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻮده و ﺳﺎﯾﺮﯾﻦ) 3/43 % ( ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺴﺮاﻧﺸﺎن زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ. 8 / 42 % وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ ﺧﻮد را ﺗﺎﺣﺪودي ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﻤﻮده ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ. 8 / 42 % وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ ﺧﻮد را ﺗﺎﺣﺪودي ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﻤﻮده ﮐﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺖ. 2/42 % ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﻪ و ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮي ﺑﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. 2/49 % در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ،9/28 % در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻓﻘﯿﺮ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﺎﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و9/21 % در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻓﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﺛﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد. [F = 4.651, ρ= ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد. [F (7,179) = 4.651, ρ= .000, Partial η 2 = .154, R adj 2 = .121] ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮑﺮاﻫﻪ و دو آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي وارﯾﺎﻧﺴﻬﺎي دوﻧﺖ ﺳﯽ ) Dunnett’s C ( و ﮔﯿﻤﺰ- لِ ﻫﻮو) Games-Howell ( ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ4 ، 5 و6 ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮوﻧﺪاد ﺟﺪول ﻟﻮن ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﺮض ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮوﻧﺪاد ﺟﺪول ﻟﻮن ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﺮض ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﺧﻄﺎي وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﺮوﻫﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ[F (7,179) =3.255, ρ=.003, Partial η 2 =.154] ؛ ﻟﺬا ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮑﺮاﻫﻪ و آزﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎي ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ از آزﻣﻮن ﮐﺮوﺳﮑﺎل واﻟﯿﺲ] =33.147, ρ=.000 ) 7, N=187 ( 2 χ[K-W H; اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ در رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻨﻬﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ4 ﺗﺎ6 ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ) 75 /111 ≤ Mean ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ) 75 /111 ≤ Mean Rank ( ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﻮد را ﺗﺎﺣﺪودي ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ از ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﺎﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺑﻮد. در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ www.postersession.com ﺑﻨﺪي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﺎﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺑﻮد. در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ و ﺑﻬﺮوزي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد.