Journal of Religion in Europe 5 (2012) 349–383
© Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2012 DOI 10.1163/18748929-00503002
brill.nl/jre
Journal of
Religion in
Europe
Contested Secularities: Religious Minorities and
Secular Progressivism in the Netherlands
Cora Schuh
Universität Osnabrück, Fachgebiet Pflegewissenschaft
cora.schuh@gmx.net
Marian Burchardt
Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, Göttingen
burchardt@mmg.mpg.de
Monika Wohlrab-Sahr
University of Leipzig
wohlrab@uni-leipzig.de
Abstract
In this paper, we propose to analyze ideas, practices, institutionalizations, and
public controversies related to the religious-secular divide in the Netherlands in
terms of contested formations of secularity. We introduce the concept of ‘multiple
secularities’ and use it as an interpretive device for an analysis of the historical
emergence and transformation of Dutch secularity. After that we show how histori-
cally shaped notions of secularity operated within the parliamentary debates
on blasphemy, freedom of speech, and religion that unfolded between 2004 and
2009. We argue that long-standing notions of secularity as a means for balancing
religious and ideological diversity are challenged by and give way to a new prepon-
derance of secular progressivism. By secular progressivism we mean the idea that
within an ‘immanent frame’ in which the secular ontologically embodies the ‘real’
and constitutes the ground for normative universalism, religion turns into a his-
torical vestige whose protection must be subordinated to universalistic notions of
civic liberties. However, this development is still contested in the Netherlands.
Keywords
secularity; modernity; Netherlands; religion; Islam