Session F3C
1-4244-1084-3/07/$25.00 ©2007 IEEE October 10 – 13, 2007, Milwaukee, WI
37
th
ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
F3C-7
Effective Teaching Practices:
Preliminary Analysis of Engineering Educators
Susan M. Lord and Michelle Madsen Camacho
Engineering Department and Sociology Department, University of San Diego
San Diego, CA 92110
slord@sandiego.edu and mcamacho@sandiego.edu
Abstract - Attendees at “Frontiers in Education” (FIE)
conferences include a unique population of engineering
educators who have a demonstrated interest in pedagogy,
probably beyond that of the typical engineering faculty
member who is focused on technical research. Thus this
population affords a rich source of data to begin to answer
the research questions of what engineering educators
believe are effective teaching practices and what they
actually do in the classroom. Since poor teaching has been
shown to contribute to student attrition from engineering,
studying the beliefs and practices of faculty who are
committed to teaching may provide ideas of how to
improve engineering education in general. For this study,
interviews were conducted with twenty-six engineering
educators at FIE06. Participants were asked to describe
what they believed were effective teaching practices. Next,
participants were asked to consider a list of teaching
practices and rank these according to what they believed
were most effective and which they actually utilized. In
this work, we provide the initial results of this study
thereby offering insights into the variation and degree of
consensus on effective teaching among this self-selected
population of engineering educators.
Index Terms - engineering education, free list method,
pedagogy, teaching practices
INTRODUCTION
Numerous studies and reports have called for improvement in
modern engineering education [1, 2, 3, 4]. Since poor teaching
by engineering faculty has been shown to be a contributing
factor to student attrition from engineering [5, 6, 7], studying
the beliefs and practices of faculty who are committed to
teaching may provide ideas of how to improve engineering
education in general. Attendees at Frontiers in Education
(FIE) conferences comprise a diverse population of
engineering educators who have a demonstrated interest in
pedagogy, probably beyond that of the typical engineering
faculty member who is focused on technical research. Thus
this population affords a rich source of data to begin to answer
the research questions of what engineering educators believe
are effective teaching practices and what they actually do in
the classroom. Although faculty may hold popular beliefs
about what constitutes effective teaching, few researchers
have conducted systematic studies to provide data to theorize
these beliefs.
In this paper, we discuss our methodology and provide
the initial results of this study including summarizing the
demographic information on the participants as well as
qualitative analysis of the open-ended responses. Consistent
with common intuition that teaching is not an exact science,
our data reveal that most participants engage in multiple,
overlapping teaching practices. However there is some
consensus in the teaching practices deemed to be most
important. Among the top ranking beliefs for “effective
teaching” were 1) an inquiry-driven/inductive approach 2)
building a sense of community in the classroom and 3) self-
awareness of the professor. Our qualitative research is data-
driven, therefore, rather than imposing definitions of these
categories, we allowed the respondents to craft their own
meanings and explanations. This paper presents the
participants’ descriptions using their actual voices and our
preliminary analyses of the most salient categories.
METHODOLOGY
Prior to the FIE conference held in San Diego 2006, we
accessed the comprehensive list of faculty who had pre-
registered and invited them to join a study on “effective
teaching practices.” To qualify for the IRB-approved study,
participants were limited to faculty with engineering degrees
who are currently tenured or in tenure track positions at four-
year institutions in the U.S. or Canada.
The FIE pool of respondents is part of a larger population
selected for our analysis of pedagogical practices. The entire
pool consists of two distinct groups: 1) “pedagogy experts”
(non-engineer) who rely on critical models of pedagogical
inquiry such as “liberative” or “feminist” approaches to
teaching identified via a purposive sampling technique and 2)
faculty in engineering programs who may or may not be
engaged in similar critical modes of teaching. Because some
engineering faculty (i.e. FIE attendees) place greater value on
teaching than others, we sought to explore these differences.
Thus the category, FIE attendees, emerged as an authentic
subgroup within the “engineering” pool of faculty members.
For a larger study, we will explore how FIE attendees differ
from engineering faculty who have never attended a
conference related to “teaching practices”.
Our approach to selecting research subjects at the national
2006 Frontiers in Education Conference involved 1) sending a