Available online at www.ijpcr.com International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2016; 8(8): 1166-1169 ISSN- 0975 1556 Research Article *Author for Correspondence: consolacion.ragasa@dlsu.edu.ph Chemical Constituents of Garcinia mangostana Pulp and Seeds Consolacion Y Ragasa 1,2* , Theresa Joyce Tabin 1 , Jo Madeleine Ann Reyes 1 , Maria Carmen S. Tan 1 , Chien-Chang Shen 3 1 Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines. 2 Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Science & Technology Complex Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Biñan City, Laguna 4024, Philippines. 3 National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, Taipei, Taiwan. Available Online:10 th August, 2016 ABSTRACT Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extracts of the freeze-dried Garcinia mangostana Linn. led to the isolation of δ-tocotrienol (1), α-mangostin (2), 3-isomangostin (3), stigmasterol (4), triacylglycerols (5), a mixture of β-sitosteryl- 3β-glucopyranoside-6-O-fatty acid esters (6a) and stigmasteryl-3β-glucopyranoside-6-O-fatty acid esters (6b) in about 3:2 ratio, from the pulp; and 4, 5, and linoleic acid (7) from the seeds. The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The structures of 2-7 were identified by comparison of their NMR data with literature data. Keywords: Garcinia mangostana Linn., δ-tocotrienol, α-mangostin, 3-isomangostin, β-sitosteryl-3β-glucopyranoside-6- O-fatty acid esters, stigmasteryl-3β-glucopyranoside-6-O-fatty acid esters, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, triacylglycerols, linoleic acid. INTRODUCTION Garcinia mangostana Linn., commonly known as mangosteen, is a natural source of xanthones which are antioxidants, anti-inflammatory 1,2 , antifungal 3 , and are also used for chemoprevention 4-6 . Extracts and xanthones isolated from G. mangostana have antioxidant, antitumor, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties 7 . The major constituent and most studied bioactive xanthone from G. mangostana is α- mangostin which at 10 μM showed complete inhibition of human leukemia cell line HL60 through the induction of apoptosis 5 , while at 20 μM caused a cytotoxic effect as indicated by morphological findings 8 . α-Mangostin also showed significant activity against CEM-SS cell line with IC50 of 5.5 μg/mL 9 and exhibited the most potent effects against breast cancer (BC-1) cells and epidernoid carcinoma of the mouth (KB) with IC50 of 0.92 μg/mL and 2.08 µg/mL, respectively. α-Mangostin also preserves the myocardial membrane integrity and extenuates anomalous TNF-alpha and COX-2 expressions by mitigating ISO- induced oxidative stress and cellular damage effectively. Restoration of cellular normalcy is attributed to the cytoprotective role of α-mangostin 10 . Furthermore, it exhibited protective effect on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant tissue defense system during ISO-induced myocardial infarction in rats 10 . A strong inhibitory effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MIC = 6.25 μg/mL was also exhibited by α- and β-mangostin and garcinone B 11 . α-Mangostin gave a minimum S. aureus inhibitory concentration of 1.57–12.5 μg/mL 12 and was found to be active against enterococci (VRE) and methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with MIC values of 6.25 and 6.25 to 12.5 μg/mL, respectively 13 . An earlier study reported that mangostin gave an MIC in the range of 12.5–50 μg/mL for bacteria and 1–5 μg/mL for fungi 14 . The mature rind extracts contained higher quantities of flavonoids and α-mangostin and exhibited higher activity against acne-producing bacteria than the young fruit rind 15 . The MIC of mangostin, 3-isomangostin, and gartanin against a normal strain of S. aureus are 15.6, 125, and 250 μg/mL, respectively. When these compounds were tested against 41 samples of penicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus, mangostin and 3-isomangostin gave MIC values of 1.56–12.5 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL, respectively 16 . We earlier reported the isolation of α-mangostin, gartanin and 3-isomangostin from the pericarp of G. mangostin 17 . We report herein the isolation of δ-tocotrienol (1), α-mangostin (2), 3-isomangostin (3), stigmasterol (4), triacylglycerols (5), a misxture of β-sitosteryl-3β-glucopyranoside-6-O- fatty acid esters (6a) and stigmasteryl-3β- glucopyranoside-6-O-fatty acid esters (6b) in about 3:2 ratio, from the pulp; and 4, 5, and linoleic acid (7) from the seeds. The structures of 1-3 and 6a are presented in Fig. 1. MATERIALS AND METHODS General Experimental Procedure NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian VNMRS spectrometer in CDCl3 at 600 MHz for 1 H NMR and 150 MHz for 13 C NMR spectra. Column chromatography was