Indian Journal Of Natural Sciences www.tnsroindia.org. © IJONS
Vol.6 / Issue 31 / August 2015 International Bimonthly ISSN: 0976 – 0997
8634
Correspondence Analysis of the Global Epidemiology of Cutaneous and
Visceral Leishmaniasis
1
H. I. Okagbue, M. O. Adamu
2
,
1
E. A. Owoloko,
1
A. A. Opanuga
1
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Nigeria.
2
Department of Mathematics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
Received: 22 May 2015 Revised: 21 Jun 2015 Accepted: 16 Jul 2015
*Address for correspondence
H. I. Okagbue
Department of Mathematical Sciences,
Covenant University,
Canaanland,
Ota, Nigeria.
E-mail: hilary.okagbue@covenantuniversity.edu.ng
This is an Open Access Journal /article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited. All rights reserved.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is mostly prevalent in the western and central Asia, North Africa, Southeastern
Europe, Central and South America while visceral leishmaniasis is most prevalent in Central, South and
Western Asia, the Mediterranean countries, East Africa, Southeastern Europe and South America. Result
from the correspondence analysis showed that the number of reported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis is
increasing moderately while visceral leishmaniasis is increasing slightly. The plots showed that countries
that are clustered together have similar trend while isolated countries have irregular
trend.Correspondence analysis has helped to reveal many hidden patterns of the data and the models are
significant even with though the model was able to explain small amount of variation of the data. The
research concluded with some suggested policy statements and recommendation.
Keywords: Leishmaniasis, cutaneous, visceral, epidemiology, correspondence analysis, risk factors
INTRODUCTION
Disease Profile: Leishmaniasis which can be mainly classified into cutaneous, mucocutaneous or visceral, is a
disease caused by protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania (which are of over 20 species), and spread by the bite of
certain species of sandflies (W.H.O., 2015). Also contained in the W.H.O. (2015) is some basic information about
leishmaniasis which states that Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most serious form of the disease and is often known
as Kala-azar while Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (ML) can
manifest in form of ulcers of the mouth, nose and the throat, cutaneous leishmaniasis can cause severe ulcers, skin
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ABSTRACT