A.Druschky M.Herkert M.Radespiel-Tröger K.Druschky E.Hund C.-M.Becker M.J.Hilz F.Erbguth B.Neundörfer Critical illness polyneuropathy: clinical findings and cell culture assay of neurotoxicity assessed by a prospective study Received:1September2000 Finalrevisionreceived:3January2001 Accepted:31January2001 Publishedonline:16March2001 Springer-Verlag2001 A.Druschky ) )´K.Druschky´ M.J.Hilz´F.Erbguth´B.Neundörfer DepartmentofNeurology, UniversityofErlangen-Nuernberg, Schwabachanlage6, 91054Erlangen,Germany E-mail:achim.druschky@rzmail.uni- erlangen.de Phone:+49-9131-8533001 Fax:+49-9131-8536179 M.Herkert´C.-M.Becker DepartmentofBiochemistry, UniversityofErlangen-Nuernberg, Fahrstr.17, 91054Erlangen,Germany M.Radespiel-Tröger DepartmentofMedicalInformatics, BiometryandEpidemiology, UniversityofErlangen-Nuernberg, Waldstr.6, 91054Erlangen,Germany E.Hund DepartmentofNeurology, UniversityofHeidelberg, ImNeuenheimerFeld400, 69120Heidelberg,Germany M.J.Hilz DepartmentofNeurology, NewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter, 550FirstAvenueNewYork, N.Y.10016,USA Abstract Objective:First,toevalu- atetheroleoftypicalintensivecare- relatedconditionslikesepsis,pro- longedventilation,drugeffectsand metabolicdisordersinthepatho- genesisofcriticalillnesspolyneu- ropathyCIP);second,toinvesti- gatethepossiblesignificanceofpa- tientserumneurotoxicityassessed byaninvitrocytotoxicityassaywith respecttoCIPdevelopment. Design: Prospectivestudy. Setting: Neurologicalintensivecare unit. Patientsandparticipants: Twenty- eightpatientswhowereonmechan- icalrespiratorysupportforatleast 4daysduringa21-monthstudype- riod. Results: DiagnosisofCIPwasestab- lishedbyclinicalandelectrophysio- logicalexaminationin1657%)of 28patients.Patientswereinvesti- gatedondays4,8and14ofme- chanicalventilation.Twoof16CIP patientshadclinicalsignsofpoly- neuropathyatinitialexamination. Factorsthatcorrelatedsignificantly withthedevelopmentofCIPwere: themultipleorganfailurescoreon day8ofventilation,thetotaldura- tionofrespiratorysupport,the presenceofweaningproblemsand themanifestationofcomplicating sepsisand/orlungfailure.Thein vitrotoxicityassayshowedserum neurotoxicityin12of16CIPpa- tients.Electrophysiologicalinvesti- gationsyieldedfalsepositiveresults ofthetoxicityassayinsixpatients notdevelopingCIP)andfalseneg- ativeresultsinfourpatientsdevel- opingclinicalandelectrophysiologi- calsignsofCIP).Statisticalanalysis didnotrevealasignificantcorrela- tionbetweenthediagnosisofCIP andthefindingserumneurotoxicity. Conclusion: Theresultssupportthe hypothesisofamulti-factorialaeti- opathogenesisofCIP.Weobserved serumneurotoxicityinthemajority ofCIPpatients,indicatingthepos- sibleinvolvementofasofarun- known,low-molecular-weightneu- rotoxicagentinCIPpathogenesis. Key words Criticalillness polyneuropathy´Prognostic factors´Neurotoxicity´Cellculture assay´Electromyography IntensiveCareMed2001)27:686±693 DOI10.1007/s001340100890 ORIGINAL