International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) |Volume III, Issue VIII, August 2016|ISSN 2321–705 www.rsisinternational.org Page 157 Cotton Dying with Natural Dye Prof. A. M. Daberao 1 , Prof. P. P. Kolte 2 , Prof. R. N. Turukmane 3 1,2,3 Assistant Professor, CTF, MPSTME, SVKMs, NMIMS, Shirpur Campus, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India Abstract: Dyeing is a process of applying coloring matter directly on fiber, yarn or fabric without any additives. Natural dyes were used only for coloring of textiles from ancient times till the nineteenth century. As the name suggests, natural dyes are derived from natural resources. Coloring materials obtained from natural resources of plant, animal, mineral, and microbial origins were used for coloration of various textile materials.Today is the world of most scientific and advanced level of dyeing. There are huge numbers of process to do coloration. Natural and man-made colors are also used. In this paper, the natural dyes are extracted and fabric dyeing is analyzed by applying dye on 100% pure cotton. At first stage we extract dye from Butea Monosperma. This dye was extracted with the help of boiling method. We find out Yellow color from Butea monosperma. The fabric dyed with extracted dye by using alum as a mordant. The dyed fabric tested for rubbing fastness, washing fastness, perspiration fastness, etc. Keyword:-Natural dye, Buteamonosperma, Alum, Rubbing Fastness, Washing Fastness, perspiration. I. INTRODUCTION oday dyeing is a complex, specialized science. Nearly all dyestuffs are now produced from synthetic compounds. This means that costs have been greatly reduced and certain application and wear characteristics have been greatly enhanced. But many practitioners of the craft of natural dying (i.e. using naturally occurring sources of dye) maintain that natural dyes have a far superior aesthetic quality which is much more pleasing to the eye. On the other hand, many commercial practitioners feel that natural dyes are non-viable on grounds of both quality and economics. Natural dyeing is now practiced only as a handcraft, synthetic dyes being used in all commercial applications. Some craft spinners, weavers, and knitters use natural dyes as a particular feature of their work. Dyes are used for coloring the fabrics. Dyeing is a method which imparts beauty to the textile by applying various colors and their shades on to a fabric. Dyeing can be done at any stage of the manufacturing of textile- fiber, yarn, fabric or a finished textile product including garments and apparels. The property of color fastness depends upon two factors- selection of proper dye according to the textile material to be dyed and selection of the method for dyeing the fiber, yarn or fabric. Human eyes sense the color due to dyes which absorb and reflect light at specific wavelengths. Majorly dyes are of two types - natural and synthetic dyes. The natural dyes are extracted from natural substances such as plants, animals, or minerals. Synthetic dyes are made in a laboratory. Chemicals are synthesized for making synthetic dyes. Some of the synthetic dyes contain metals too. Textiles dyed with natural dyes were found to yield poor color, have inadequate fastness properties. Metal ions of mordant act as electron acceptors for electrondonors to form co-ordination bonds with the dye molecule, making them insoluble in water. Common mordants used are alum, chrome, stannous chloride, copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate etc. The flower of Buteamonospermadyecould be successfully used for dyeing of cotton to obtain awide range of soft and light colors by usingcombination of mordants.Buteamonosperma (Binomial name), commonly known asPalash plant belongs to the family Fabaceae .This tree derives its name from the fact that thebright orange colour flowers. Butea monosperma trees grow superbly in theregions where the climate is hot, cold, and receive full sunlight. In the present investigation flowers from Butea monosperma plant was used for extracting the dye and examined its possible usage in textile coloration. The effect ofmordents employed in the dyeing with the Butea monosperma flower dye was also studied. Sr.No. Scientific Classification 1. Kingdom Plantae 2. Order Fabales 3. Family Fabaceae 4. Genus Butea 5, Spcies B. Monosperma 6. Bio-nomial Name Butea Monosperma Table1 :- Scientific Classification of Butea Monosperma 1.1 History of Butea Monosperma :- Historically, Dhak forests covered much of the doab area between the Ganges and Yamuna, but these were cleared for agriculture in the early 19th century as the English East India Company increased tax demands on the peasants It is used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine, and dye. The wood is dirty white and soft and, being durable under water, is used for well-curbs and water scoops. Good charcoal can be obtained from it. The leaves are usually very leathery and not eaten by cattle. T