International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) |Volume III, Issue VIII, August 2016|ISSN 2321–2705 www.rsisinternational.org Page 105 Bio-Packaging and Screening Effect On Manufacturing-Remanufacturing Inventory Model with Carbon Emission and Energy Effects W. Ritha, S. Poongodisathiya Department of Mathematics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirapalli – 620002, India. Abstract: - Rework is one of the main issues in reverse logistics which plays an important role in today's business environment. Utilizing reverse logistics coincides with the objective to minimize the impact of most of these environmental issues. There are many environmental issues that may arise from the production and transportation of products such as air emission, solid waste disposal, energy consumption and depletion of natural resources. This paper explores an screening effect on manufacturing and remanufacturing inventory models during carbon emission and energy effects. Both manufacturer and remanufacturer makes arrangement for screening or disposal of the damaged products. And also discuss about need of bio-packaging material to reduce social cost. A numerical example is given to illustrate the solution procedure for the model. Keywords:-Reverse logistics, energy, Greenhouse gas, Remanufacturing, Green supply chain, Screening, Packaging. I. INTRODUCTION any companies first focused on reverse logistics issues because of environmental concerns. Nowadays, some are concerned only with reverse logistics as it relates to returning product to their suppliers. The concept of reverse logistics is as reuse of products, components and materials has been previously applied, mainly for the economic benefits of reusing the product or material instead of its disposal. Moreover, government pressure and legislation have contributed to the increasing motivation for global environmental awareness and sustainability influencing green chain management principles. Inventory analysis should be considered over the logistics chain and include consideration of suppliers, manufacturing, storage and demand. The environmental consequence of each stage of product life cycle includes producing, transporting, storing and delivering items. Specifically, energy use needed to be reduced, less carbon based (coal, oil and natural gas) energy sources used. The main aim of this paper is screening the product as makes arrangement for both manufacturer and remanufacturer for the purpose of reducing damaged products. Another way to reduce the social cost is by the use of bio plastic materials for packaging. If the people of this world have awareness about the environmental sanitation than this world will be in good physical shape devoid of pollution. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows, Section 2 presents a review of related literature, In Section 3 defines assumptions and notations, section 4 formulate the mathematical model, Section 5 provides some numerical example and finally we conclude the paper in section 6. II. LITERATURE REVIEW The purpose of reverse logistics is to be able to recapture value from products that are returned from end customers (de Brito and Dekker, 2004; Bei and Linyan, 2005). To product the environment, including reducing material resource consumption through recycling and other form of product recovery for reverse logistics (Bonney and Jaber, 2011). There are numerous studies that analyse inventory models with return flow (Fleischmann et al.,1997; Ritcher 1996, Bostel et al, 2005, Dobos and Ritcher,2003,2004, El Saadany and Jaber; 2008; 2010; 2011). The work of schrady (1967) has been extended extensively by Ritcher (1996) as some returned items may require disposal, Jaber and El. Saadany (2009) and Hasanov et.al. (2012) considered recovered items are of incompatible quality. El. Saadany et.al (2013) addressed this limitation and considered an investment cost is associated with the number of items a product may be recovered. Further, traditional inventory models, focus on Greenhouse Gas emission as their environmental contribution (Hua et al; Wahab et al., 2011; Jaber et al., 2013; Zanoni et al., 2014).The adverse effect that GHG emissions has on the environment is discussed in Kruger and Pizer (2004), IPCC (2006), Mouzon and Yildrim (2008) and Kaygusuz (2009). III. ASSUMPTIONS AND NOTATIONS The paper assumes land transportation where items in the serviceable stock are shipped to the market by trucks that return to the facility the collected used items from the market. The assumptions of cost parameter are listed below: i) Holding cost for serviceable stock (both manufactured and remanufactured) ii) Holding cost for repairable stock (both manufacturing and remanufacturing setup costs) iii) Production setup costs (both manufacturing and remanufacturing unit costs) M