TETRAHEDRON
LETTERS
Tetrahedron Letters 39 (1998) 8159-8162
Pergamon
Zirconium Sulfophenyl Phosphonate as a Heterogeneous
Catalyst in Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols and
Phenols.*
Massimo Curini,** Francesco Epifano, Maria Carla Marcotullio and
Ornelio Rosati
lstituto di Chimica Organica, Facolt~ di Farmacia, Universitil degli Studi, Via del Liceo, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Umberto Costantino
Dipartimento di Chimica, Universitil degli Studi, Via Elce di Sotto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Received 29 May 1998; ~cepted 28 August 1998
Abstract: Zirconium Sulfophenyl Phosphonate Zr(O3PCH3)I.2(O3PC6I-I4SO3H)0.8 was
found to be an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the tetr~ydropyranylation of alcohols
and phenols. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Alcohols, Phenols, Protecting group, Zirconium and compounds.
It is now well established that many acidic and basic solids act as catalysts or promoters in
liquid phase organic synthesis. 1 There are many examples of better yields, shorter reaction
times, and even higher selectivities achieved as the result of reactions carried out with
heterogeneous catalysts under reaction conditions milder than those employed in conventional
homogeneous synthetic methods. Heterogeneous catalysts are generally inorganic solids, clays
and modified clays, 2 zeolites, metal oxides,3 or organic polymers such as functionalized
styrene-divinylbenzene resins. 4 We have recently found that inorgano-organic layered solids
belonging to the emerging class of metal (IV) phosphonates5, 6 and bearing suitable functional
groups, are excellent catalysts for organic synthesis, since they combine the properties of a
stable inorganic backbone with the flexibility of the organic derivatives. Layered zirconium
methane-sulfophenyl phosphonate,7 bearing strongly acidic-C6I-I4SO3H groups anchored to the
inorganic layers, has proved to be an excellent heterogeneous catalyst of acid-catalysed
reactions (deprotection of nitrogen containing derivatives,8 conversion of 1,3-dithiolanes and
1,3-dithianes to the corresponding carbonyl compound,9 protection of alcohols as TMS-
derivativel0). It seemed of interest to test the catalyst for tetrahydropyranylation, an important
* Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Paolo Ceccherelli.
Corresponding author. Entail: c u m u ~ p g . t t
0040-4039/98/$ - see front matter © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
PH: S0040-4039(98)01817-6