DOI 10.1007/s10818-007-9025-2
Journal of Bioeconomics (2007) 9:265–277 © Springer 2007
Money as Social Exergy
ELI SPIEGELMAN
Department of Economics, Vanier College, 821 Ste Croix Ave., St-Laurent, QC, Canada H4L 3X9
(spiegele@vaniercollege.qc.ca)
GEORGE B. SPIEGELMAN
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
(spie@interchange.ubc.ca)
JONAH SPIEGELMAN
Enigma Interconnect Inc, Vancouver, BC, Canada
(jonahz23@hotmail.com)
Synopsis: It has been proposed that open thermodynamic systems will act to dissipate available energy
gradients by self-organizing into coherent structures that, with time, evolve and develop into nested hier-
archies – panarchies – that adapt to internal and external changes according to a characteristic adap-
tive cycle. This paper seeks to apply these ideas in the purely societal realm by investigating the role
of money in economic systems. Money represents the value embodied in goods; a value that is sep-
arate from the exact nature of those goods. We suggest that money thereby liberates the ‘free value’
of economic desire and that this free value has properties analogous to energy. The result is the self-
organization of structures and systems (‘econosystems’) that dissipate this ‘free value’. Econosystems
act at different scales, and nested levels of econosystems form a panarchy, having effects that can be
observed. In particular, it appears that money facilitates the creation of relationships between econo-
system actors, increasing the connectedness of the econosystems that envelop those actors. We have
identified a phenomenon whereby freed social value (i.e. money) can aggregate, or pool, at a larger
econosystem scale in structures such as banks. These pools act as gradients that actors at the neigh-
borhood scale can exploit for self-organization in the econosystem. Thus, econosystem actors appear
to be freed from thermodynamic constraints by using money as a means of self-organization. However,
because of these pools of aggregated social exergy, connectedness is increased at the larger scale of the
econosystem. The potential consequence of this dynamic is that money may act to push larger scale
econosystems toward a state of heightened vulnerability to collapse, while freeing smaller scale actors
from apparent constraints. In this way, we propose that money acts to skew information feedback loops
between econosystem actors and larger scale structures such as economies and ecosystems.
Key words: panarchy, complex systems, monetary theory, resilience, self-organization, cross-scale effects,
ecological economics, thermodynamics
JEL classification: E42, P44, Q01, Q57
1. Introduction
The content of this paper was inspired by an unfortunate event that occurred to
one of its authors. One winter day, the furnace stopped working. When the repair