1 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 1 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-551-3.ch001 Stanislaw Osowski Warsaw University of Technology & Military University of Technology, Poland Michal Kruk University of Life Sciences, Poland Robert Koktysz Military Institute of Medicine, Poland Jaroslaw Kurek University of Life Sciences, Poland Image Processing for Localization and Parameterization of the Glandular Ducts of Colon in Inlammatory Bowel Diseases ABSTRACT This chapter presents the computerized system for automatic analysis of the medical image of the colon biopsy, able to extract the important diagnostic knowledge useful for supporting the medical diagnosis of the inlammatory bowel diseases. Application of the artiicial intelligence methods included in the developed automatic system allowed the authors to obtain the unique numerical results, impossible for achieving at the visual inspection of the image by the human expert. The developed system enabled the authors to perform all steps in an automatic way, including the segmentation of the image, leading to the extraction of all glandular ducts, parameterization of the individual ducts and creation of the diagnos- tic features, as well as characterizing the recognition problem. These features put to the input of SVM classiier enable to associate them with the stage of development of the inlammation. The numerical experiments have shown that the system is able to process successfully the images at different stages of development of the inlammation. Its important advantage is automation of this very dificult work, not possible to be done manually, even by a human expert.