AIMS Microbiology, 2(3): 332-339. DOI:10.3934/microbiol.2016.3.332 Received: 02 July 2016 Accepted: 15 August 2016 Published: 17 August 2016 http://www.aimspress.com/journal/microbiology Review Development of bioleaching: proteomics and genomics approach in metals extraction process M. Azizur Rahman 1,2, * 1 Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Ontario, Canada 2 HiGarden Inc. Markham, Ontario, Canada * Correspondence: E-mail: mazizur.rahman@utoronto.ca; azizurr142@gmail.com. Abstract: Microbes are key components of the structure and function of bioleaching process. Increasing consciousness of the role of microbes has led to a quick growth of descriptive and investigational studies of their abundance and activities. However, the detail information of complex functional molecules contain in promising microbes which are very important for understanding microbial processes in bioleaching, are lacking. Therefore, molecular functions of microbes in the bioleaching process are very essential to understand about the microbial activities, especially in the process of the extraction of metals in mineral industries. In this review, the current state of proteomics and genomics of bioleaching in metals extraction processes and the major developments of these analytical methods at industrial scales are highlighted. Keywords: bioleaching; biomineralization, microbes; proteomics; genomics 1. Introduction There is increasing interest in the use of microbes as alternatives to chemicals in mineral industries. Identification of dedicated microbes to bioleaching is an efficient mechanism for metals extraction. However, despite the long history of bioleaching and many laboratory demonstrations of the ability of a wide range of microbes to improve the extraction of metals, there are still very few molecular approach in the bioleaching process are established. The immediate study of the full set of