Desalination 189 (2006) 110–118
0011-9164/06/$– See front matter © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Presented at the 10th Aachen Membrane Colloquium, 16–17 March 2005, Aachen, Germany.
*Corresponding author.
Ultrafiltration of aqueous solutions containing organic polymers
V. García-Molina
a,b*
, S. Lyko
a
, S. Esplugas
b
, Th. Wintgens
a
, Th. Melin
a
a
Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, RWTH Aachen, Turmstraße 46, D-52056, Germany
Tel. +49 (2) 4180 95428; Fax +49 (2) 4180 92252; email: garcia@ivt.rwth-aachen.de
bDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
Tel. +34 (93) 402 13 12; Fax +34 (93) 402 12 91
Received 20 April 2005; accepted 8 November 2005
Abstract
In the last decades, the research done in the field of membrane technology applied to wastewater has drastically
increased . However, the applicability of this technology is limited due to the fouling of membranes, directly
affecting its performance. In this study, several parameters thought to be in some extent responsible for membrane
fouling are evaluated. Ultrafiltration was the selected membrane process and membranes with different molecular
weight cut off (MWCO) have been employed. The feed of the experiments consisted of solutions containing humic
and fulvic acids, natural organic matter (NOM), alginic acid and cellulose. The influence of different sets of operating
parameters, such as applied pressure, concentration of polymer, content of calcium and pH of the feed solution in
the performance of the process has been investigated.
Keywords: Ultrafiltration; Organic polymers; Water treatment
1. Introduction
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a relatively low-pressure
membrane process whose use as a water treatment
has rapidly increased in the last decade due to
stricter regulations for water quality, decreased
cost, improved membrane materials and modules,
simplicity of installation and improved reliability
when compared with conventional treatment
processes such as sedimentation and rapid sand
filtration [1]. The applications of UF can be ana-
lyzed from two different points of view. In some
cases, the aim of the process is to recover or con-
centrate some valuable substances from a solution
— this is common practice in the chemical and
pharmaceutical industries [2]. Another application
related to this is the concentration of a wastewater
stream for further treatment where a higher con-
centration is required, as seen in some advanced
oxidation processes. The second principal